蚯蚓粪与化肥配施对西瓜地土壤活性有机碳及酶活性的影响  

Effects of Vermicompost and Inorganic Fertilizer Co-application on Soil Labile Organic Carbon and Enzyme Activity in Watermelon Farmland

作　　者：王明友[1] 张红[1] 李士平[1] 薛玉剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]德州学院生态与园林建筑学院,山东德州253023

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2015年第4期101-106,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划项目"鲁西北地区新型日光温室及其蔬菜生产关键技术研究集成与示范"(2012GNC11108)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨蚯蚓粪与化肥配施对西瓜种植的作用,为土壤培肥制度的建立及西瓜生产提供参考。[方法]以"黑彤K-8"为试材,通过大田试验研究了N100(尿素提供100%的氮)、M10N90(蚯蚓粪和尿素分别提供10%和90%的氮)、M30N70(蚯蚓粪和尿素分别提供30%和70%的氮)和M50N50(蚯蚓粪和尿素各提供50%的氮)等不同处理对土壤活性有机碳、碳库管理指数(CPMI)、酶活性和西瓜产量的影响。[结果]同N100处理相比,配施蚯蚓粪处理的高活性、中活性和活性有机碳含量均明显升高;M30N70处理的活性有机碳含量和CPMI显著高于其他处理,比N100处理分别高出30.10%和37.28%;同时,脲酶和蔗糖酶活性亦明显高于其它处理,其中蔗糖酶活性分别较CK,N100,M10N90和M50N50处理提高84.66%,62.33%,47.26%和22.46%。此外,M30N70处理的西瓜产量和肥料生产率最高,它可使西瓜产量分别比N100,M10N90和M50N50处理高出26.49%,13.34%,6.27%;M30N70处理的肥料生产率分别比N100,M10N90和M50N50处理高出166.50%,54.11%,21.37%。相关分析结果表明,运用土壤活性有机碳和碳库管理指数表征土壤酶活性、西瓜产量及肥料生产率的变化,比土壤总有机碳更具灵敏性。[结论]蚯蚓粪与化肥配施对西瓜生长具有显著的促进生长效果,其中3∶7比例配施的效果优于1∶9和5∶5比例。[Objective] The effects of vermicompost co-applied with inorganic fertilizer were measured in a watermelon field to provide some references for soil improvement and watermelon plantation. [Methods] Five treatments with different mixture ratios of nitrogen（supplied from urea） and vermicomppost were set in a field experiment they were CK（neither urea nor vermicompost was applied）, N100 （100% of nitrogen）, M10 N90 （10% vermicompos and 90% of nitrogen）, M30N70 （30% vermicompost and 70% nitrogen）, and M50 N50 （50% vermicompost and 50% nitrogen）. Soil labile organic carbon, carbon pool management index（CPMI）, enzyme activity and yield of watermelon were measured. [Results] The contents of highly labile organic carbon, mid-labile organic carbon and labile organic carbon significantly increased under M10N90, M30N70 and M50N50 treatments in comparison with Nloo treatment. The labile organic carbon content and CPMI in M30N70 treatment were obviously higher than that of other treatments, increased 30.10% and 37.28% as compared with N100 treatment, respectively. At the same time, the M30N70 treatment markedly increased in urease and invertase activities in comparison with other treatments, showing 84. 66%, 62. 33%, 47.26% and 22. 46% increments in invertase activities over the values of CK, N100 , M10N90 and M50N50, respectively. In addition, the yield and fertilizer productivity of watermelon also achieved the highest value in M30N70 treatment and had significant differences with other treatments, obtained 26.49%, 13.34%, 6.27% and 166.50%, 54.11%,21.37% increments as compared with the treatments of N100, M10 N90 and M50N50, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that soil labile organic carbon and carbon pool management index may be better indicators than soil total organic carbon in reflecting the changes of soil enzyme activities, yield and fertilizer productivity of watermelon. [Conclusion] The application of vermicompost co-applied with inorganic fertilizer, especially the M30N70 treatm

关 键 词：西瓜 蚯蚓粪 活性有机碳 碳库管理指数 酶活性 肥料生产率 

分 类 号：S157.41[农业科学—土壤学]