高强韧氟化碳钠米管/热塑性聚氨酯复合弹性体的合成与表征  

Synthesis and characterization of CNT/thermoplastic polyurethane composites with a high- toughness

作　　者：贾润萍[1] 代丽[1] 滕娜[2] 何新耀[1] 黄茂松[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术学院材料科学与工程学院,上海201418 [2]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,山西太原030001

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2015年第4期378-384,共7页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金(21106083);上海市重点学科项目(J51504);校复合材料重点学科建设项目(10210Q140001);上海教师专业发展工程项目(201456);上海市联盟计划(LM201449;LM201450)~~

摘　　要：借助等离子体引发丙烯酸-3-(全氟-3-甲基丁基)-2-羟丙酯在碳纳米管表面的诱导接枝聚合,得到新型氟化碳纳米管(f-CNTs),进而制备出f-CNT/热塑性聚氨酯(f-CNT/TPU)复合弹性体。结果表明,氟化虽不改变CNTs的表面结构,但却在其组成中引入了含量10.40%的氟元素。经含氟高聚物接枝碳纳米管的平均直径约为30 nm,均匀分散于TPU基体中。随着f-CNTs含量的增加,所得f-CNT/TPU复合弹性体的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均呈现先增后减趋势。当f-CNTs加入量为0.3%时,该复合弹性体的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别高达36.5 M Pa和630%,较纯TPU弹性体分别提高40.4%和26.5%,并初步探讨了可能的增强增韧机理。而随着f-CNTs含量的增加,f-CNT/TPU复合弹性体的表面自由能由27.3 m N/m降低至9.9 m N/m,表现出优异的表面性能。Carbon nanotubes（ CNTs） were grafted with acrylic acid-3-（ perfluoro-3-methykbutyl）-2-hydroxypropylate by an oxygen plasma-assisted method to increase their dispersion in thermoplastic polyurethane（ TPU）. The TPU monomers and the grafted CNTs were mixed and polymerized to prepare the CNT / TPU composites. Results showthat the grafting procedure has little effect on the structure of the CNTs. The grafted CNTs have a fluorine content of 10. 40% and a diameter of about 30 nm,and are uniformly dispersed in the TPU matrix. The tensile strength and elongation at fracture of the composites have maxima of 36. 5 MPa and 630%,respectively,at a CNT content of 0. 3%,and these are respectively 40. 4% and 26. 5% higher than those of pure TPU. Moreover,the surface free energy of the composites decreases from 27. 3 to 9. 9 m N / m with increasing CNT content from 0 to 0. 8%.

关 键 词：碳纳米管 聚氨酯 弹性体 复合材料 高强韧 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]