2014年准格尔盆地西北缘一次寒潮大风天气分析  

Analysis on the Weather Characteristics of a Cold Wave and high Wind in the Northwestern Margin of Junggar Basin

作　　者：孙东霞 谢云 朱蕾 荣娜 

机构地区：[1]克拉玛依市气象局,新疆克拉玛依834000 [2]新疆空管局,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《内蒙古气象》2015年第3期3-7,共5页Meteorology Journal of Inner Mongolia

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAC23B01)资助

摘　　要：通过分析2014年准格尔盆地西北缘发生的一场寒潮大风天气,揭示了形成这次天气的环流背景、地面气压场特点,物理量垂直分布特征。结果显示,欧洲脊顶缓慢东南垮,西伯利亚槽受新地岛、泰梅尔半岛两股冷空气南下影响,槽体逆转南压西伸,使槽前西南急流异常强盛,造成区域大气逆温明显减弱,近地面快速升温。寒潮天气前期,地面高压前冷锋稳定少动,冷暖空气激烈对峙,形成强烈的气压差。强烈下沉气流使冷平流加速进入中低层大气,强冷空气在近地面猛烈爆发,是此次寒潮大风天气的主要成因。区域冬季大气逆温对下传冷空气动能的耗散、无强冷空气持续入侵,近地面降温升压快,造成大风持续时间较短。Through out the analysis of cold wave and high wind in the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin in 2014, this article re- vealed the circulation back ground, the surface pressure field characteristics of the weather, and physical characteristics of vertical distribution. The results showed that the top of Europe ridge slowed down along southeast. The Siberian trough received cold air sup- ply from Nova Zembla and Taymyr Peninsula to rotate counter-clockwise and to stretch southwestwards. It made the southwestern jets extremely strong and reduced the atmosphere temperature inversion. It also made the ground temperature rise rapidly. In the early pe- riod of the event, it was still that the cold front in front of surface high pressure. The cold air contrasted with warm air. The pressure difference was huge. The strong downward cold air accelerated to access into middle-lower layer. The cold air violently broke near the ground layer. All those are the main cause of the cold wind. The winter atmospheric inversion had dissipated to decrease the en- ergy of cold air. None of severe cold airs invaded continuously. The temperature dropped quickly. The pressure rose dramatically in ground layer. All these made the duration of high wind short.

关 键 词：寒潮 大风 冷空气爆发 

分 类 号：P458.122[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]