2011～2014年黄河三角洲地区流感监测  

Influenza Surveillance in the Yellow River Delta,2011-2014

作　　者：李萍[1] 张秀绘[2] 张安亮[1] 李建明[1] 李俊青[1] 梅立荣[1] 贾永莲[2] 

机构地区：[1]东营市疾病预防控制中心,山东东营257091 [2]滨州市疾病预防控制中心,山东滨州256600

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2015年第8期630-631,638,共3页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解流感流行趋势和病原学特征,及时发现流感毒株变异,为流感疫苗生产和疫情防控提供科学依据。方法采集黄河三角洲地区东营、滨州两地市哨点医院的流感样病例鼻、咽拭子,以狗肾传代细胞（MDCK）进行分离培养鉴定,同时提取病毒核酸进行检测。结果 2011～2014年共采集流感样病例5 162例病人咽试子,经核酸检测阳性467份,阳性率9.05%,主要检测到B、H3、甲型H1N1型别;经病毒分离的流感样本2 801份,分离鉴定出流感病毒282株,总分离率10.06%,分离到了BV、BY、H3、甲型H1N1四种亚型。2011年以甲型H1N1、BV、H3N2亚型为主,2012年以H3N2、BV两种亚型为主,2013年以甲型H1N1、H3N2型为主,2014年以H3N2、BY两种亚型为主。黄河三角洲地区2011～2012年未发生流感暴发疫情,2013～2014年共发生10起疑似流感暴发疫情,采集流感样病例咽拭子样本69份,分离培养流感病毒21株,分离率30.4%,其中2013年以甲型H1N1、H3N2型为主,2014年以H3N2、BV型为主,主要发生在市直幼儿园和城区小学。结论黄河三角洲地区流感核酸检测和病毒分离的型别一致,当地的疫情防控重点是H3N2、甲型H1N1、B型流感病毒的流行。Objective To understand the pathogen and epiderniology of influenza,and find its strain mutants,so as to pro- vide scientific basis for vaccination development and epidemic control and prevention. Methods Nasal and throat swab- sof influenza like cases were collected in sentinel hospitals in Dongying and Binzhou cities, the Yellow River Delta, to culti- vate the virus in MDCK cell to get the strains,meanwhile detect its RNA. Results Of all the 5 162 influenza like cases specimens collected during 2011-2014,467 were RNA positive, with a positive rate of 9.05 %, dominated by B, H3, H1N1 282 strains were isolated from 2 801 influenza like specimen cultivations, with a total isolation rate of 10.06 %,including BV,BY,H3,and HIN1, the dominant strains were HIN1, BV, and H3N2 in 2011, H3N2 and BV in 2012, H1N1 and H3N2 in 2013,H3N2 and BY in 2014. There were no influenza outbreaks in the Yellow River Delta during 2011-2012, while 10 influenza like outbreaks during 2013-2014,69 specimens were collected, and 21 strains were isolated, the isolation rate was 30.43% ,the strains isolated in 2013 were mainly HIN1 and H3N2,H3N2 and BV in 2014. The outbreaks were mainly in city affiliated kindergartens and urban primary schools. Conclusion The RNA surveillance and virus isolation in the Yellow River Delta agree with each other, the control and prevention focuses should be put on the epidemics of H3N2, H1N1, and B viruses.

关 键 词：流感监测 流感病毒分离 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]