2013-2015年广东省深圳市福田区3～18岁健康人群水痘-带状疱疹病毒抗体水平调查  

Survey of antibody level to varicella-zoster virus in healthy population aged 3-18 years in Futian district,Shenzhen

作　　者：钟剑明[1] 赖植发[1] 周洁[1] 周海涛[1] 邓凯杰[1] 方琼[1] 陈润莉[1] 蔡琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市福田区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518040

出　　处：《疾病监测》2015年第8期634-638,共5页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市福田区3~18岁在校学生水痘抗体水平,探讨能否在1~12岁儿童中补充接种一剂次水痘疫苗。方法 2013 2015年每年采集辖区幼儿园、小学、中学在校学生血清,用VZV-Ig G抗体试剂盒（ELISA）检测水痘抗体。结果共检测3044名学生,水痘抗体阳性率为62.81%,抗体几何平均浓度（GMC）为（668.45±187.29）m IU/ml。6~岁组学生抗体阳性率（42.25%）和GMC（155.17±66.25 m IU/ml）最低;接种疫苗后6~8年的学生抗体阳性率（47.20%）和GMC（227.61±85.61 m IU/ml）最低;接种疫苗比不接种疫苗抗体阳性率和抗体水平均高,且差异有统计学意义（χ2=48.240,P=0.000;t=10.830,P=0.020）;2006 2014年福田区水痘发病率为10.74/10万~53.51/10万,72.45%的病例为3~18岁在校学生。2010-2014年福田区共发生53起水痘暴发疫情,89.36%发生在小学1~4年级。结论接种一剂次疫苗后水痘抗体阳性率和抗体水平呈现先下降后上升趋势,6~岁组和在接种疫苗6年后的学生抗体阳性率和抗体水平最低,建议在做第二剂次水痘疫苗安全性研究的情况下将目前1~12岁儿童水痘疫苗改为两剂次接种。Objective To understand the varicella antibody level in students aged 3- 18 years old in Futian district,discuss the possibility of supplementing 1 dose of varicellea vaccine in children aged 1- 12 years. Methods The blood samples were collected from the children in child care settings,primary schools and middle schools in Futian for the detection of varicella antibody with VZV-Ig G antibody kit（ ELISA） from 2013 to 2015. Results A total of 3044 students were surveyed,the positive rate of varicella antibody was 62. 81%,the geometric mean concentration（ GMC）was（ 668. 45 ± 187. 29） m IU / ml. The lowest positive rate（ 42. 25%） and GMC（ 155. 17 ± 66. 25 m IU / ml） was in age group 6 years. The lowest positive rate（ 47. 20%） and GMC（ 227. 61 ± 85. 61 m IU / ml） was in age group 6- 8 years after vaccination. The positive rate and GMC in students receiving vaccination was higher than those receiving no vaccination,the difference was significant（ χ2= 48. 240,P = 0. 000,t = 10. 830,P = 0. 022）. The incidence of varicella in Futian ranged from 10. 74 / lakh to 53. 51 / lakh during 2006- 2014. Up to 72. 45% of the cases were aged 3- 18 years. A total of 53 varicella outbreaks occurred during 2010- 2014,in which 89. 36% occurred in grade 1- 4 of primary schools. Conclusion After 1 dose varicella vaccination,the positive rate and concentration of antibodies decreased firstly,which was lowest at 6 year,then increased gradually. It is recommended to give 2 doses varicella vaccination for children aged 1- 12 years on the bases of ensuring the safety of the second dose vaccination.

关 键 词：水痘 健康人群 抗体水平 免疫策略 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]