几种烟草育苗替代基质育苗效果研究  

Research on Floating Seedling Effects of Several Substitute Matrix in Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：谭思思 黄银章 姚强 向鹏华 张小良 郭维 龙世平[3] 

机构地区：[1]广东中烟有限责任公司,广州510145 [2]湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司,衡阳421001 [3]湖南省农业科学院农业生物资源利用研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《作物研究》2015年第5期506-510,共5页Crop Research

基　　金：湖南省烟草公司重点项目(14-16ZDAa01);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD14B17)

摘　　要：从减少环境污染与资源节约出发,采用漂浮育苗方式研究了由不同物料配比的半成品有机肥与稻壳生物炭、珍珠岩、蛭石混配成的新型替代基质对烤烟育苗的影响,为稻壳生物炭替代基质在生产实际中的应用提供理论依据。试验结果表明,以原料按干基重量配比60%牛粪+40%食用菌渣(T3)、50%牛粪+20%沼渣+10%稻草+20%鸡粪(T4)、30%鸡粪+60%食用菌渣+10%谷壳(T5)为主要原料发酵完全后,与30%稻壳炭+15%膨胀珍珠岩+5%蛭石混合配制成的替代基质,这3个处理的基质理化性状、烟苗出苗率、出苗天数、成苗期、成苗率等各项指标与对照接近,总体出苗效果相对较好。综合比较发现,T3处理育苗效果及幼苗各农艺性状与商品基质相比无显著性差异,可替代市售烟草专用泥炭类育苗基质。To provide the theoretical basis of demonstration and application for rice husk biochar seedling matrix in tobacco practical production,based on reducing environmental pollution and resource conservation,the float seedling was employed to explore the effects of different ratios of rice husk biochar and several semi -finished organic fertilizers,perlite,vermicu-lite on the seedling of flue -cured tobacco in this study.The results showed that,60% cow dung +40% mushroom residue (T3),50% cow dung +20% biogas residue +10% straw +20% poultry manure(T4),30% poultry manure +60% mush-room residue +10% rice husk were mixed separately for compost fermentation below the ratio of 30 for C and N,after that, which were mixed with 30% rice husk biochar +15% perlite +5% vermiculite,respectively,formed 3 kind of seedling ma-trix.The physical and chemical properties and emergence rate,emergence days,seedling,seedling rate of treatments,plant height of the 3 kind of seedling matrix were similar to CK,General effect of seedling emergence was relatively good.We can easily find that,the seedling effects and agronomic traits of T3 was similar to CK based on comprehensive comparison for physical and chemical properties and seedling growth,and which can substitute commercial peat matrix for seedling in flue-cured tobacco production.

关 键 词：烟草 漂浮育苗 替代基质 草炭 

分 类 号：S572.043[农业科学—烟草工业]