青藏线空调列车内污染物浓度场的数值研究  

Numerical Study of Pollutant Concentration Field in Air-conditioned Train in Qinghai-Tibet Railway

作　　者：王烨[1,2] 胡文婷[1] 徐燃[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学铁道车辆热工教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《铁道学报》2015年第9期46-52,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51266004;51476073);甘肃省自然科学基金(1308RJZA151);高等学校基本科研业务费(212094)

摘　　要：以青藏线25T型空调列车为研究对象,采用CFD软件中的湍流Realizable k-ε 模型对列车运行过程中车内污染物浓度沿线变化进行了数值模拟.结果表明：太阳辐射沿线变化对车内热环境的影响显著,车内温度场、速度场和污染物浓度场之间的耦合作用导致列车行经不同站点时车内污染物的空间分布和迁移特性存在显著差异.自车室端门至中截面方向,CO2浓度呈脉动状分布并逐渐增大,并且在整个运行线路上保持了较好的一致性;送风口关于车室纵向对称轴线的对称布置与座椅的不对称布置对三人座椅区和二人座椅区的CO2浓度分布有一定影响;靠近车室两侧壁附近区域的CO2浓度较高,部分工况下超出了空气质量标准规定值的2-3倍,但过道处的CO2浓度则维持在0.1%左右,符合室内空气质量要求.本文对青藏线空调列车内污染物浓度的沿线动态变化研究,对于优化空调系统运行模式和改善车内空气品质具有重要的理论指导意义.The Realizable k-ε turbulent model of CFD was adopted to numerically analyze the pollutant concen-tration field in the 25T air-conditioned train in Qinghai-Tibet Railway.The results indicated that the indoor thermal environment has been affected significantly by the changes of the solar radiation along the railway.The coupling effect among the temperature field,velocity field and pollutant concentration field in the carriage caused significant difference in space distribution and migration of pollutant concentration in the carriage when the train passed different stations.The CO 2 concentration increased gradually in fluctuating distribution from the door to the central section of the carriage and maintained consistence throughout the running time.The symmetrical layout of air supply outlets in relation to the longitudinal symmetrical axis of the train and the a-symmetrical layout of seats in relation to the longitudinal symmetrical axis of the train caused certain impact on the distribution of CO 2 concentration in the two-seat side and three-seat side.The CO 2 concentration close to the lateral walls was 2~3 times the permissible limit of air quality standard under certain working conditions while the CO 2 concentration in the aisle zone stayed at 0.1%,which complied with indoor air quality require-ments.The study on the dynamic change of the pollutant concentration in the air-conditioned train along the Qinghai-tibet Railway provides significant theoretical guidance to the optimization of the operation mode of the air-conditioning system and the improvement of the indoor air quality.

关 键 词：高原列车 耦合传热 污染物迁移 室内空气品质 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U270.38[机械工程—车辆工程]