关于棘球蚴病(包虫病)的防治  

Prevention and treatment of echinococcosis

作　　者：王永怡[1] 王姝[1] 李军[1] 

机构地区：[1]<传染病信息>杂志社,北京100039

出　　处：《传染病信息》2015年第4期254-256,共3页Infectious Disease Information

摘　　要：棘球蚴病是棘球属绦虫的幼虫(棘球蚴)所导致的人类和畜类共患的寄生虫病。人类因摄取受污染的食物、水源或土壤中含有的寄生虫卵或直接接触动物宿主而感染此病。全球每一时刻均会有一百余万人受棘球蚴病的侵扰和影响。中国西部省份是该病的多发区。人类感染棘球蚴后,体内会有一个或多个包虫生长,主要在肝脏和肺部生存,有时也在骨骼、肾、脾、肌肉、中枢神经系统和眼部生存。治疗一般比较复杂、价格昂贵,有的需要大型外科手术和(或)长期服药治疗。为狗除虫,改善屠宰场卫生状况,进行公众宣传活动,为羊群接种,均被视为有效预防措施。WHO正在努力于2018年前确定有效的囊型棘球蚴病的防控措施。本文以2014年3月WHO棘球蚴病实况报道(第377号)为基础,结合我国专家的实践对棘球蚴病进行综述。Human echinococcosis is a parasitic disease in humans and animals caused by tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus. Humans are infected through ingestion of parasite eggs in contaminated food, water or soil, or through direct contact with animal hosts. More than 1 million people are affected with echinococcosis all over the world at any one time. In China, echinococcosis mostly occurs in the western provinces and regions. Human infection with E. granulosus leads to the development of one or more hydatids located mainly in the liver and lungs, and less frequently in the bones, kidneys, spleen, muscles, central nervous system and eyes. The treatment of echinococcosis is often expensive and complicated, and may require extensive surgery and/or prolonged drug therapy. Prevention pro-grammes involve deworming of dogs, improved slaughterhouse hygiene, public education campaigns and vaccination of lambs. WHO is working towards the validation of effective cystic echinococcosis control strategies by 2018. This article focuses on echinococcosis based on the review of updated fact sheet （N377） by WHO and experience from the experts in China.

关 键 词：棘球蚴病 流行病学 诊断 综合预防 

分 类 号：R532.32[医药卫生—内科学]