水利水电工程对洱海流域河流生态系统的影响  

Research on Effects of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering upon the River Ecosystem in the Erhai Basin

作　　者：曹东福 马猛 郑曼莉 

机构地区：[1]云南省水利水电勘测设计研究院,云南昆明650021

出　　处：《环境科学导刊》2015年第5期78-82,共5页Environmental Science Survey

摘　　要：以洱海流域内两条重要河流—弥苴河和西洱河为研究对象,收集了历史资料,采取现场调查、统计分析等方法,分析了水利水电工程对河流水文水资源及生态系统的影响。修建水利水电工程改变了河道的水文特性、水力特性、物理化学特性及生态学特性。集中的水库群建设,改变了水资源的时空分配规律,并造成水资源的空间大转移及干流水资源量的减少。过于密集的水电开发,使自然河流生态系统完全被破坏,其物流和能流通道完全被隔断,严重影响了水生生物的生存和繁衍,对河流的生态系统产生了重大影响。Miju River and Xi＆#39;er River locating in the Erhai Lake basin were chosen as the research targets to analyze the influence of water resources and hydropower engineering on hydrology and water resources and ecosystems of the rivers.The historical data was collected combining to the in situ investigation.Statistical methodology was adopted.The hydropower engineering has changed the hydrological properties and hydraulic power and physical and chemical characteristics and ecological environment of river channels.Dense cluster of reservoirs have changed the temporal and spatial distribution of water resources and caused massive spatial transfer of water that reduced water amount in the main stream.Therefore,cluster of reservoirs construction have damaged the ecological system of the natural rivers.It also cut off the material and energy channel that would impact the survival and reproduce of aquatic organism.

关 键 词：水文水资源 河流开发 生态系统 水利水电工程 洱海流域 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]