脑卒中患者下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及药敏分析  

Pathogens distribution and drug susceptibility in stroke patients with lower respiratory tract infection

作　　者：王景[1] 郑轶[2] 何超明[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省农垦三亚医院神经内科,海南三亚572000 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院神经内科,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《临床药物治疗杂志》2015年第4期58-60,共3页Clinical Medication Journal

基　　金：三亚市医疗卫生科技创新项目(YW1216)

摘　　要：目的:探讨脑卒中患者下呼吸道感染病原菌分布特点以及药敏率以期为临床指导合理用药提供参考依据。方法:对2013年9月―2014年6月收住我院的168例脑卒中伴发下呼吸道感染患者进行细菌鉴定及药敏试验。结果:痰培养共检出菌株193株,其中革兰阴性菌118株,占61.1%,革兰阳性菌41株,占21.2%,真菌34株,占17.6%,革兰阴性菌以铜绿假单胞菌为主,对亚胺培南最敏感;革兰阳性球菌主要是金黄色葡萄球菌,对万古霉素最敏感;真菌以白色假丝酵母菌为主,对氟康唑最敏感。结论:脑卒中患者下呼吸道感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,临床应及时进行细菌培养及耐药性检测,根据药敏试验结果选择抗菌药物。Objective： To evaluate distribution characteristics and drug susceptibility ratios of pathogens invovled in lower respiratory tract infection in stroke patients, in order to provide a reference for rational drug use of drugs in clinical practice. Methods： Bacterial identification and testing was conducted on 168 cases of stroke patients with lower respiratory tract infection who admitted to our hospital from March 2013 to March 2014. Results： 193 strains were detected in sputum culture, among which 118 strains of Gram-negative bacilli occupying 61.1%, followed by 41 strains of Gram-positive cocci（21.2%） and 34 strains of fungi（14.3%）. Among Gram-negative bacteria, the most common pathogen was Pseudomonas aeruginosa and it showed the highest sensitivity to mipenem; among Gram-positive bacteria, the most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus and it showed the highest sensitivity to vancomycin; among fungi, the most common pathogen was Candida albicans and it showed the highest sensitivity to fluconazole. Conclusion： Gram-negative bacteria are the dominant pathogens in stroke patients with lower respiratory tract infection. Bacterial culture and drug resistance tests should be timely conducted in clinical practice and antibiotics should be selected according to the results of drugs susceptibility tests.

关 键 词：脑卒中 下呼吸道感染 病原菌 

分 类 号：R56[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R915[医药卫生—内科学]