干旱后复水对甘蔗伸长期生理生化特性的影响  

Effects of drought stress and re-watering on physiologicalbiochemical characteristics in sugarcane at elongation stage

作　　者：吴凯朝[1,2] 黄诚梅[3] 邓智年[1] 曹辉庆[3] 魏源文[3] 徐林[1] 李杨瑞[1,2] 杨丽涛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所/农业部广西甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,南宁530007 [2]广西大学/广西亚热带生物资源保护和利用重点实验室,南宁530005 [3]广西作物遗传改良生物技术重点开放实验室,南宁530007

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2015年第7期1166-1172,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31400281);广西自然科学基金面上项目(2011GXNSFA018111;2014GXNSFAA118128);广西农业科学院基本业务专项项目(2014YD03)

摘　　要：【目的】研究干旱后复水对甘蔗生理生化特性影响,进一步揭示甘蔗受水分胁迫的响应机理,为甘蔗抗旱育种和甘蔗抗旱遗传改良研究提供参考依据。【方法】以桂糖11号为材料,在温室人工控水条件下,测定干旱及复水后叶片脯氨酸、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧阴离子、可溶性糖、脱落酸(ABA)和可溶性蛋白质含量及脯氨酸脱氢酶(Pro DH)、Δ1-吡咯啉-5-羧酸合成酶(P5CS)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GSH-R)、多胺氧化酶(PAO)活性等生理指标,探讨甘蔗伸长期在水分胁迫下生理响应机理。【结果】在干旱胁迫下,除可溶性蛋白含量和Pro DH活性外,GT11叶片MDA、可溶性糖、超氧阴离子、脯氨酸、ABA含量及POD、CAT、SOD、GSH-R、P5CS和PAO活性均明显高于对照处理;复水后,除可溶性蛋白含量和CAT、SOD活性外,叶片中其他生理指标均逐渐下降至稍高于对照水平。在甘蔗伸长生长期,随着干旱胁迫的加重,GT11叶片中超氧阴离子、MDA、脯氨酸、可溶性糖和ABA含量均呈不同程度的增加趋势,POD、PAO和GSH-R等酶活性明显上升,而可溶性蛋白质含量和CAT活性下降,P5CS、Pro DH活性被抑制。恢复供水后,甘蔗叶片中超氧阴离子、MDA、ABA和脯氨酸含量及P5CS、POD、SOD、GSH-R和PAO等酶活性出现不同程度下降,而可溶性蛋白质含量和CAT活性出现上升;可溶性糖含量呈先下降后上升的变化趋势,Pro DH活性则呈先上升后下降的变化趋势。【结论】在伸长期干旱胁迫条件下,抗旱甘蔗品种GT11具有较强的生理调控和自我修复能力,其膜损伤、渗透调节、保护酶系统、内源激素等均对干旱胁迫有积极的响应。[Objective]The effects of re-watering after drought stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of sugarcane were studied to reveal the physiological mechanisms of sugarcane in response to drought stress and re-watering in order to provide references for genetic improvement involved in drought resistance. [Method]The streng drought resistant sugarcane variety GTllwas used as the plant material,the physiological indices viz., the contents of MDA, soluble sugar, water soluble protein,superoxide anion,proline and ABA, and the activities of POD, CAT, SOD, GSH-R, P5CS, ProDH, and PAO, etc. were determined at elongation stages to analyze the sugarcane physiological response to drought stress and re- watering. [Result]Under drought stress condition, the contents of MDA, soluble sugar, superoxide anion, proline and A- BA, and the activities of POD, CAT, SOD, GSH-R, P5CS and PAO in leaves of GT11 were significantly higher than those of the control （normal water-supplying treatment） excepting for soluble protein content and ProDH activity; as well, these indices presented gradually decreasing to the level of control after re-watering excepting for soluble protein content, CAT and SOD activity. With the enhancement of drought stress at elongation stage, the contents of superoxide anion, MDA, soluble sugar, proline and ABA in leaves were increased in varying degrees,and the activities of POD and GSH-R presented increasing rapidly, while the soluble protein content,CAT, PSCS and ProDH activities in leaves were decreased at elongation stage of sugarcane. When re-watering was conducted after drought stress for 10 days, the superoxide anion, MDA, ABA and proline contents, and the activities of PSCS, POD, SOD, GSH-R and PAO were decreased to certain de- gree, while soluble protein content and CAT activity were increased. The soluble sugar content in leaves were changed as firstly decreasing and then increasir/g, while ProDH activity was on the contrary. [ Conclusion ] Under drought stress at e- longation stage, su

关 键 词：甘蔗 伸长生长期 干旱胁迫 复水 生理特性 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]