青龙斑鳍的早期胚后发育观察  

Observation on fins development of Qinglong grouper(Epinephelus coioides ♀×E. lanceolatus ♂)at postembryonic development stage

作　　者：吕国敏[1] 吴水清[1,2] 区又君[1] 李加儿[1] 刘江华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2015年第7期1297-1302,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项项目(B201101B04);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项项目(2012A0703);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(2012TS30;2012TS31)

摘　　要：[目的]了解青龙斑（斜带石斑鱼♀×鞍带石斑鱼♂）鳍的发育特点,明确鳍发育与其生活习性转变的关系,为种苗生产提供判别胚后发育阶段的指示性标志。[方法]采用常规光学显微镜技术对青龙斑早期发育过程中鳍条的形成与发育进行连续观察。[结果]在水温（30.0±1.0）℃、盐度（28.0±1.0）‰的人工培育条件下,青龙斑在早期胚后发育阶段各鳍的发育顺序为：胸鳍→尾鳍→腹鳍→背鳍→臀鳍。2日龄仔鱼胸鳍出现芽基;7日龄出现腹鳍棘芽基;8日龄时第二背鳍棘出现;24日龄时第二背鳍棘和腹鳍棘达到仔稚鱼阶段的最大值,各鳍基本形成;至28日龄第二背鳍棘和腹鳍棘长度分别收缩为5.55±0.11和4.54±0.32 mm;33日龄时幼鱼各鳍的形态与成鱼相似,其鳍式为：背鳍Ⅹ~Ⅺ-15,臀鳍Ⅲ-8,胸鳍18~19,腹鳍Ⅰ-5,尾鳍16~17。青龙斑仔稚鱼胸鳍长与日龄的最佳函数关系式为：y=0.0003x^3-0.0117x^2＋0.1616x-0.308。[结论]青龙斑早期发育阶段各鳍的发育与其形态发育及习性转变相互适应,可作为判别早期发育阶段的指示性标志。[Objective]The present experiment was conducted to investigate fins development of Qinglong grouper （Epinephelus coioides ♀× E. lanceolatus ♂ ） to understand relationship between fins development and life habit change, in order to establish indicator for determining postembryonic development stages in fry production of Qinglong grouper. [Method]The formation and development of fins were observed continually at early stage of postembryonie development by applying conventional optical microscope techniques. [ Result ] Under artificial rearing conditions of water temperature （ 30.0± 1.0 ） ℃ and salinity （ 28.0±1.0 ） %0, the sequence of fins development was as follow ： pectoral fin→tail fin→ pelvic fin→dorsal tin→anal fin. The bud of pectoral fin appeared at 2 days old, the bud of pelvic fin appeared at 7 days old, and the second dorsal fin spine appeared at 8 days old. The second dorsal fin spine and pelvic fin spine reached to maximum values at 24 days old, respectively, and all fins formed basically. The length of second dorsal spine and pelvic fin spine shrinked to （5.55±0.11） and （4.54±0.32） mm at 28 days old. The all fins of 33-day-old juvenile were similar to those of aduh： dorsal fin Ⅹ-Ⅺ-15, anal fin Ⅲ-8, pectoral fin 18-19, pelvic fin 1-5, tail fin 16-17. In addition, the op- timal functional relation between pectoral fin length of larva and juvenile and day-age was expressed as y=0.0003x^3-0.0117x^2＋ 0.1616x-0.308. [Conclusion]The fins development is associated with morphological development and habit change at early development stage in Qinglong grouper, so that it can be used as important indicator for determining development stages.

关 键 词：青龙斑 鳍 早期发育 仔鱼 稚鱼 

分 类 号：S956.334[农业科学—水产养殖]