同期发情和同期排卵-定时输精技术在奶牛繁殖中的应用  

Application of Estrus Synchronization and Ovsynch-Timed Artificial Insemination in Dairy Cattle

作　　者：赵明礼[1] 张珅 郝海生[1] 赵学明[1] 杜卫华[1] 王栋[1] 朱化彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193 [2]北京市延庆县农业局,北京102100

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2015年第17期80-86,共7页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：家畜胚胎工程与繁殖创新团队(ASTIP-IAS06-2014);国家奶牛产业技术体系(CAR-37)

摘　　要：人工授精技术在奶牛养殖中的广泛应用,积极推动了优秀种公牛遗传物质在全世界范围内的快速扩散。准确、及时的发情鉴定是奶牛人工授精的基础,然而,由于奶牛产后不发情、发情症状不明显以及发情鉴定工作重视程度不够、发情鉴定方法不科学等,实际生产中母牛发情检出率较低,影响了产后母牛参配率和繁殖力。同期发情和同期排卵-定时输精技术可减少母牛发情鉴定工作量,提高母牛发情检出率,甚至不用发情鉴定而直接定时输精,从而提高母牛参配率和繁殖力。本文综述了奶牛同期排卵-定时输精技术原理,重点介绍了奶牛同期发情和同期排卵-定时输精技术方法及其在生产中的应用,以期为奶牛繁殖和管理技术人员提供参考。With the widespread use of artificial insemination technology in dairy cattle, the genetic resource of excellent dairy bulls spreads very rapidly around the world. The accurate and timely estrus detection of dairy cattle in their estrus cycle is the foundation for artificial insemination. However, some factors, such as postpartum anestrus, un- conspicuous estrous feature of cows, insufficient attention and unscientific methods of estrus detection, lead to a low estrus detection rate that has negative effects on dairy cattle, especially on postpartum cows reproductive performance. The use of estrus synchronization and Ovsynch-timed artificial insemination in dairy cattle could make a large group cattle （e.g. cows and heifers）have their estrus in shorter time after exogenetic hormones treatment, and reduce the workload of estrus detection, even more than without estrus detection in timed artificial insemination. It is well known that Ovsynch-timed artificial insemination could increase the submission rate as a result increasing the reproductive performance of cows. In order to provide some useful references for reproductive and administrative technicians in dairy farm, this paper summarized the principle of Ovsynch-timed artificial insemination and highlighted the methods and reproductive application of estrus Synchronization and Ovsynch-timed artificial insemination in dairy cattle.

关 键 词：奶牛 同期发情 同期排卵-定时输精 繁殖 发情鉴定 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]