湖北巨猿牙齿化石龋病观察  

DENTAL CARIES OF GIGANTOPITHECUS BLACKI FROM HUBEI PROVINCE OF CHINA

作　　者：韩康信[1] 赵凌霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京100710 [2]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京100044

出　　处：《人类学学报》2002年第3期191-197,共7页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 40 0 0 2 0 0 3资助

摘　　要：本文共调查了 2 6 7枚从鄂西山区收集的巨猿牙齿化石龋病发生情况 ,发现其中有 5 2枚 (占 19 5 %)的颊齿有程度不同的龋蚀现象 ,其患龋率显著高于古人类 ,同时也高于广西巨猿的患龋率。巨猿牙齿的这种高频率龋蚀现象 ,除牙齿结构因素外 ,可能与该物种食性的狭窄化和营养贫乏导致牙齿不良钙化有关 ,是伴随巨猿体型的巨型化而趋向该物种衰退和绝灭的病理表征之一。The material all together consists of 297 isolated postcanine teeth of Gigantopithecus blacki, which were collected from the west part of Hubei province of China. According to the mammal fossils associated with the Gigantopithecus, the geological age of Gigantopithecus seems to belong to the early Pleistocene. It is very interesting to note that those Gigantopithecus teeth from Hubei province show very high incidence of caries. Caries are diagnosed by the presence of marked pits or cavities. Among 297 teeth (molars and premolars), there are 52 cases of authentic caries (i.e. 19.5%). It is a rather high incidence, much higher than that of early hominids such as australopithecines (1% or so), ancient Chinese from Shang Dynasty(4.3%),also higher than that of Gigantopithecus teeth from Guangxi province (9.8%) of China. Among the Gigantopithecus teeth from Hubei, we found that the incidence of dental caries increases from the young-age group (4.9%) to middle and old age group (29.3% and 27.1%), and that the large type presents higher incidence (22.5-32.8%) than small one (8.3-11.4%). The differentiation of large and small types seems to show sex difference. The caries of Gigantopithecus from Hubei occur on both the mesio-distal surface (65.4%) and occusal surface (36.5%). It is quite different from that of Gigantopithecus from Guangxi, majority of caries in Guangxi material occur on the occlusal surface and very few on the mesio-distal surface. The high incidence of dental caries in Gigantopithecus is probably due to a diet deficient. Giantoipithecus probably mainly lived on high carbohydrate-containing plant food while it was becoming extinct.

关 键 词：湖北 巨猿 牙齿化石 龋病观察 龋齿 

分 类 号：Q981.34[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]