葡萄埋藤防寒机的研制与试验  

Development and experiment of grape vine burying machine

作　　者：王志强[1] 张敬国 郝志强[1] 刘凤之[1] 王孝娣[1] 王海波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院果树研究所,农业部园艺作物种质资源利用重点实验室,辽宁兴城125100 [2]潍坊市高密中等专科学校,山东高密261501 [3]山东省高密市益丰机械有限公司,山东高密261501

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2015年第5期20-23,28,共5页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(nycytx-30-zp);中国农业科学院基本科研业务费项目(2012ZL043)

摘　　要：针对我国西北及北方葡萄主产区冬季对葡萄藤进行埋土防寒的需求,研制了一种以拖拉机为动力源、适用于葡萄园作业的葡萄埋藤防寒机。该埋藤机通过动力输入轴与拖拉机动力输出轴连接,经链轮链条的变速将动力传递给抛土刀盘,带动其高速旋转,使抛土刀盘上的铲刀切削土壤。切削下的土壤经抛土刀盘的收集、抛送,通过导向罩、压土板抛送至葡萄藤,完成埋藤防寒作业。同时,通过液压系统调节导向罩和压土板的角度来调节抛土距离以满足不同的行距。田间试验测试了埋藤防寒机的覆土厚度、防寒土散开半径、抛土距离和取土沟中心距葡萄主干距离。结果表明:抛土最近时埋藤防寒机平均覆土厚度为47.2cm、防寒土散开半径均值为78.6cm、抛土距离均值为41.3m、取土沟中心距葡萄主干平均距离为111.4cm;抛土最远时埋藤防寒机平均覆土厚度为41.2cm、防寒土散开半径均值为85.5cm、抛土距离均值为61.6cm、取土沟中心距葡萄主干平均距离为140.9cm,满足埋藤防寒的农艺要求。In view of grape vine need to be buried in winter in northwest and north grape main production areas of China, grape vine burying resisting cold machine was developed which applied to vineyard and took tractor as power. Power input shaft of grape vine burying resisting cold machine join the power output shaft of tractor, power was transferred to casting soil cutter by changing speed of sprocket chain. Throwing soil cutter rotated at a high speed and drove blade to cut soil. The soil which was cut by blade was collected and threw to grape vine by guiding cover and pressing soil board and vine burying was finished. At the same time, the throwing soil distance was adjusted to meet different row spacing by hydraulic system changing the angle of guiding cover and pressing soil board. The field experiment tested covering soil thickness, throwing soil distance, soil spreading radius and taking soil distance of grape vine burying resisting cold machine. The experimental results indicated that when throwing soil distance was the nearest, the average value of covering soil thickness was 47.2cm, the average value of soil spreading radius was 78.6cm, the average value of throwing soil distance was 41.3cm, the average value of taking earth distance was 111.6cm; when throwing soil distance was the nearest, the average value of covering soil thickness was 41.2cm, the average value of soil spreading radius was 85.5cm, the average value of throwing soil distance was 61.6cm, the average value of taking soil distance was 140.9cm. These parameters meet the agriculture requirement.

关 键 词：葡萄埋藤防寒机 研制 试验 

分 类 号：S224.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]