牛粪垫料的安全性及对泌乳牛趴卧行为的影响  

Safety and effects of cow dung bedding on the lying behavior of lactating dairy cows

作　　者：李欣[1] 孟妍君[1] 栾冬梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科技学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015年第9期113-116,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD12B05)

摘　　要：为了研究牛粪垫料环境性乳房炎的安全性和对泌乳牛趴卧行为的影响,试验在完达山奶牛养殖小区选择2栋相同的散栏式泌乳牛舍分别作为试验舍和对照舍。试验牛舍采用橡胶垫+牛粪垫料卧床,对照牛舍采用橡胶垫卧床,测定了牛粪垫料使用前后环境性乳房炎致病菌的数量、泌乳牛后躯的清洁度及泌乳牛的趴卧行为。结果表明:试验牛舍使用橡胶垫+牛粪垫料卧床3 d后奶牛环境性乳房炎致病菌的数量并未显著增加(P>0.05),说明牛粪垫料不会增加泌乳牛患环境性乳房炎的风险;与对照组相比,试验组泌乳牛每天的趴卧时间增加2.2 h(P<0.05),趴卧前的准备时间减少64.1s(P<0.05),每天趴卧次数增加2次(P<0.05);对照组和试验组泌乳牛后躯清洁度评分的平均值分别为1.7,2.1分。根据清洁度分类原则,对照组属于分类一,为轻度污染;试验组属于分类二,为中度污染。说明牛粪垫料可以提高泌乳牛的舒适度,但也会使泌乳牛后躯的清洁度降低。To study the safety of cow dung bedding in terms of environmental mastitis and the effect of cow dung bedding on the lying behavior of dairy cows. Two same free - stall barns were chosen as the in the fanning community of Wandashan Dairy Co. , LTD, and used as the experi-mental barn and the control barn, respectively. The rubber mats and cow dung bedding were used as the materials of lying bed in the experimental barn, and the rubber mats were used as the materials of lying bed in the experimental barn. The number of environmental mastitis pathogens before and after using cow dung bedding, cleanliness of the hindquarters of lactating dairy cows, and the lying behavior of lactating dairy cows. The results showed that the number of environmental mastitis pathogens did not significantly increase （ P 〉 0.05 ） at 3 days after using the rubber mats and cow - dung bedding as the materials of lying bed, which indicated that the use of cow dung bedding would not add the risk of environmental mastitis in lactating dairy cows. Compared with the control barn, the lying time of dairy cows in the experimental barn increased by 2.2 h daily（ P 〈 0.05 ）, the preparation time before lying reduced by 64.1 seconds （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and the times of lying action increased by 2 times daily. The average values of cleanliness score of the hindquarters of lactating dairy cows between the control and experimental barns were 1.7 and 2.1 scores, respectively. According to the principle of cleanliness classification, the control barn belonged to Class I as light pollution, and the experimental barn belong to Class II as moderate pollution. The results indicate that cow dung bedding can improve the comfort level of lactating dairy cows, but it can also decrease the cleanliness of the hindquarters of lactating dairy cows.

关 键 词：泌乳牛 牛粪垫料 趴卧行为 环境性乳房炎致病菌 牛体清洁度 

分 类 号：S879.9[农业科学—畜牧兽医] S823.4