安徽沿江棉区机采棉优化栽培技术研究  

Optimization of Machine Picked Cotton Cultivation Techniques in the Area Along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province

作　　者：王维[1] 郑曙峰[1] 徐道青[1] 刘小玲[1] 陈敏[1] 阚画春[1] 彭华升 李秀珍 余宏旺 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所/国家棉花改良中心安庆分中心,安徽安庆246003 [2]东至县大渡口镇农业技术推广站,安徽东至247210 [3]望江县农业技术推广中心,安徽望江246200

出　　处：《农学学报》2015年第9期50-56,共7页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：院长青年创新基金"机采棉集中成铃机制及调控效应研究"(13B0838);安徽省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目"棉花轻简化机械化关键技术创新团队"(13C0707);安徽省农业科学院学科建设项目"安徽省机采棉关键农艺技术研究"(14A0724);安徽省科技攻关计划项目"安徽省适合机械采收的棉花品种选育及关键技术研究与示范";现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金"国家棉花产业技术体系皖北综合试验站"(CARS-18-34);安徽省现代农业产业技术体系棉花岗位专家(郑曙峰专家)

摘　　要：为了建立安徽沿江棉区机采棉种植模式,采用正交设计3套3因素3水平田间试验,研究了安徽沿江棉区机采棉优化栽培技术。结果表明,对安徽沿江棉区机采棉产量影响显著的栽培因子有品种、播期和种植密度等,DPC、N和去蕾措施等3个栽培因子对机采棉产量有不同程度的影响。综合考虑,将安徽沿江棉区机采棉栽培技术优化为：品种选用‘中棉所50’、‘机收50’等早熟品种,于5月下旬直播,播种密度为10.50万株/hm2~11.25万株/hm2,N用量为180 kg/hm2左右,DPC用量为180~270 g/hm2,施肥和化控的具体方法要结合地力、长势、天气等因素综合考虑,条件允许时可以适当去除早蕾或晚蕾以促使机采棉成铃更为集中。Based on field experiments of multi-factor orthogonal designed, machine picked cotton cuhivation techniques were studied in the area along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province, in order to establish the mode of machine picked cotton cultivation techniques in the area. The results showed that varieties, sowing date and planting density influenced the lint yield of machine picked cotton in the area along the Yangtze River significantly, and DPC, N and square removal measures influenced the lint yield to varying degrees. Machine picked cotton cultivation techniques were optimized in the area along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province, which included that selecting of early maturing varieties, such as ＇Zhongmiansuo 50＇ and ＇Jishou 50＇, direct seeding in late May, with planting density ranging from 105000 to 112500 plants per hm2, the content of N wasabout 180 kg/hm2 the content of DPC ranged from 180 g/hm2 to 270 g/hm2. The specific methods of fertilization and chemical control should consider many factors, such as soil, growth, weather, etc. If possible, the early or late buds can be removed, in order to shorten the boll opening stage of machine picked cotton, which can be more easily mechanized harvesting of cotton once.

关 键 词：沿江棉区 机采棉 栽培技术 优化 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]