“荠”及其相关植物的原植物考证  

Research on the Original Plants of ‘Shepherd's Purse' and Its Related Plants

作　　者：刘海明 夏晓飞 王凌凌 韩冬 李亚蒙[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京自然博物馆,北京100050 [2]临沂大学,山东临沂276005

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第25期48-52,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目"山东山旺中中新世硅藻土纹层与东亚季风气候的关系"(41102017);临沂大学博士科研启动基金项目"山东山旺中中新世硅藻土纹层的高分辨率解析技术研究"(LYDX2013BS045)

摘　　要：在中国的古籍文献中,记载了很多与"荠"相关的植物名称,比如《诗经》、《周礼》等。为了确定这些植物名称的原植物,利用植物分类学的方法,根据古代典籍的记载,明确历史上对这些植物在形态特征方面的描绘与记载,利用比较形态学的手段开展工作,并得出结论认为"荠"古今同名,学名是现代分类群中十字花科的荠,拉丁名为Capsella bursa-pastoris(L.)Medic.。同时也确定了其他5个与"荠"有关的植物名称的原植物学名。对"荠"及其相关植物的研究,从植物学的角度揭示出,"药食同源"是中国先民深入认识和利用该类植物食用价值与药用价值的综合统一;对"荠"的认识不断深入的过程,也是人们主动认识植物学、运用植物学知识的过程。There were several records of the‘shepherd＇s purse＇in the Chinese ancient documents, such as inthe‘Book of Odes＇ and‘Records of the Rites of the Chou（Dynasty）＇. In order to determine the original plantsof the names, the taxonomic method was applied in the study. According to the ancient documents, thedescription and record of the morphological characteristics were illuminated. With the comparativemorphology, it concluded that the present‘shepherd＇s purse＇was the same name of the ancient‘shepherd＇spurse＇. The scientific name was‘shepherd＇s purse＇belonged to Cruciferae of modern taxa, and the Latinname was Capsella bursa-pastoris（L.） Medic. At the same time, the original plants of five other plants relatedto the‘Shepherd＇s purse＇in the Chinese ancient documents were made clear. The research on the originalplants of the‘Shepherd＇s Purse＇and the related plants in the Chinese ancient documents disclosed that theunity of the medical value and the dietary property of the‘Shepherd＇s Purse＇resulted from the cognition andutilization of the medical and edible values of the plants. The process of deeply learning‘Shepherd＇s Purse＇was the process of learning and utilizing botany knowledge.

关 键 词：荠 原植物 比较形态学 植物分类学 

分 类 号：S09[农业科学]