高温条件下‘巨玫瑰’葡萄品种叶片表型、可溶性糖和叶绿素荧光特性的研究  

Study on Leaf Phenotype, Soluble Sugar and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics Response to Heat Stress in‘Jumeigui'Grapes

作　　者：查倩[1,2] 奚晓军[1] 蒋爱丽[1] 王世平[2] 田益华[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海农业科学院林木果树研究所,上海201403 [2]上海交通大学农学与生物技术学院,上海200240

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第25期118-123,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家葡萄产业技术体系项目(CARS-30-9);上海市农委科技兴农推广项目"无核葡萄新品种‘沪培1号’高效栽培技术示范"[沪农科推字(2012)第1-2号]

摘　　要：通过观察‘巨玫瑰’葡萄(Vitis vinifera L.×V.labrusca L.)在高温条件下的反应,为葡萄设施栽培管理提供预警和应对措施。试验材料为1年生的‘巨玫瑰’葡萄品种盆栽植株,在人工气候室进行不同的温度处理(27、32、37、42℃),观察叶片表型和组织结构变化,对可溶性糖含量和叶绿素荧光进行测定。结果表明,‘巨玫瑰’在37℃条件叶脉附近出现失水现象,在42℃条件下叶脉附近出现失水干枯,而且幼叶展不开,最后枯死。27、37℃条件下叶片叶肉组织基本没有变化,栅栏组织排列整齐,但42℃条件下叶肉组织表现出失水萎缩。而且在42℃处理下叶片的可溶性糖较27℃处理显著增高,光合作用的原初反应OJIP曲线上的O-I阶段值和ABS/RC、ETo/RC、TRo/RC、DTo/RC值一直保持相对较高水平。因此,‘巨玫瑰’葡萄的叶片表型、可溶性糖含量和叶绿素荧光等指标与高温条件的处理程度与时间相关,并且在42℃处理22天后,‘巨玫瑰’表现出显著性伤害。The response to heat stress in‘Jumeigui＇grapes（Vitis vinifera L.×V. labrusca L.） has been studied,to provide the warning and measures in management of facility cultivation. Annual giant‘Jumeigui＇grapeswere selected and the changes of indexes, including leaf phenotype and organization structure, the content ofsoluble sugar and chlorophyll fluorescence, were measured under different treatments（27, 32, 37, 42℃）. Theresults showed that under treatment of 37℃, the leaf veins of‘Jumeigui＇grapes appeared water lossphenomenon. At 42℃, the leaf started to dry up, the young leaves did not unfolding and the plants eventuallydied. At 27, 37℃ there were no changes of leaf mesophyll tissue, and the palisade tissue was orderly arranged.But under the condition of 42℃, mesophyll tissue showed water loss to shrink. And at 42℃, the content ofsoluble sugar increased obviously, the O-I phase value of photosynthesis OJIP curve in original reactions and ABS/RC, ETo/RC, TRo/RC, DTo/RC maintained a relative high level. The conclusion provides the idea that theleaf phenotype, the content of soluble sugar and chlorophyll fluorescence indicators of‘Jumeigui＇grapes are related to the processing degree and processing time of high temperature conditions. Under the treatment of42℃,‘Jumeigui＇grapes show the irreversible damage at 22 d.

关 键 词：高温 '巨玫瑰’ 叶片表型 可溶性糖 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]