飞行员眼前节生理数据及与飞行时间的关系  

Relationship between pilots＆39; physiological data of anterior eye segments and flying time

作　　者：陈威[1] 杨春燕[1] 田青[2] 邵德望[1] 杨庆红[2] 何佳[1] 王恩普[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军总医院眼科,北京100142 [2]空军总医院体检队,北京100142

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2015年第1期42-46,共5页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探讨飞行员眼前节生理数据及与飞行时间之间的关系,为有针对性地开展眼科航卫保障提供参考依据. 方法 分析在空军总医院进行改装体检以及因非眼科疾患住院大体检的飞行员的眼科检查资料.按年龄分为＜30岁（132人）、≥30岁（28人）两组.按飞行时间分为＜1 000 h（137人）、≥1 000 h（23人）两组.应用部分光相干生物测量仪测量并分析飞行员的双眼前节生理数据.采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对数据进行分析. 结果 不同年龄组飞行员视力、眼轴长、平均曲率间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,顺规、逆规散光者所占比例差异无统计学意义（x2=0.013,P＞0.05）;年龄＜30岁组飞行员的等值球镜度数更大（t＇=2.074,P＜0.05）.不同飞行时间组的飞行员视力、等值球镜度数、散光类型、眼球轴长、前房深度及平均角膜曲率差异无统计学意义.本组飞行员的视力与眼球轴长、前房深度不相关.年龄＜30岁的飞行员视力与等值球镜度数呈微弱正相关（r=0.287,P＜0.01）,而≥30岁组视力与等值球镜度数不相关（P＞0.05）.飞行员眼球轴长与平均角膜曲率呈负相关（r=-0.813）. 结论 飞行员眼前节生理数据主要与年龄相关,与飞行时间关系不明显.Objective To observe the relationship between pilots＇ physiological data of anterior eye segments and flying time in order to provide a reference basis for better ophthalmological health care.Methods The ophthalmological data of the fighter pilots who were in the physical examination for transformation in General Hospital of Air Force or in annual examination but hospitalized due to non-ophthalmological reasons.Pilots were divided into 〈30 yr group （n=132） and ≥ 30 yr group （n=28）.They were also divided into 〈1 000 h group （n=137） and 〉1 000 h group （n=23）.Statistical analysis was done with SPSS 19.0 software.Results Pilots of different age groups had no statistic differences in visual acuity,axial length and mean corneal curvature （P〉0.05）.The ratio of astigmatism with the rule and astigmatism against the rule between age groups also showed insignificant difference （x2 =0.013,P〉0.05）.Pilots in 〈30 yr group had bigger spherical equivalent degree （t＇=2.074,P〈0.05）.The visual acuity,spherical equivalent degree,type of astigmatism,axial length,anterior chamber depth and mean corneal curvature were found no statistical difference between two age groups.No correlation existed between axial length in anterior chamber depth for the pilot in same group.A weak positive relationship was observed between visual acuity and spherical equivalent degree of the pilots in 〈30 yr group （r=0.287,P〈0.01） but in ≥ 30 yr group （P〉0.05）.Axial length negatively correlated to mean corneal curvature in all pilots （r=-0.813）.Conclusions Pilots＇ physiological data of anterior eye segments are mainly correlated with age but with flying time.

关 键 词：屈光 眼 近视 前房 角膜 飞行员 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]