“批判”话语的谱系学研究  

Genealogical Research into "Critical" Discourse

作　　者：姚文放[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学文学院,教授扬州225002

出　　处：《中国文学批评》2015年第1期57-70,共14页Chinese Journal of Literary Criticism

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"从形式主义到历史主义--晚近文学理论‘向外转'的深层机理探究"(项目批准号11AZW001);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)的阶段性成果

摘　　要："批判"话语从康德的哲学界定开始,继而黑格尔将其提升到辩证思维的高度,随之马克思对其进行科学的改造并将其引向社会历史场域,接着法兰克福学派在特定语境下将批判精神引向对于西方发达工业社会大众文化的激烈抨击,当今中国学界质疑法兰克福学派对于大众文化的过激批评,谋求大众文化批判的话语重建。两百余年来的嬗变递进,构成了"批判"话语的谱系学框架。对"批判"话语进行谱系学研究,可以寻绎历史语境和权力关系对于"批判"话语的形成、演变所起的规定和制约作用,并揭示当今中国的"批判"话语更具建设性、构成性的充足理由律。'Critical' discourse started with Kant's philosophical definition,and then was hoisted to the height of dialectical thinking by Hegel.After that,Marx transformed it in a scientific way and guided it into a social and historical sphere,and later,the Frankfurt School continued in a specific context to lead the critical spirit to the fierce criticism against the mass culture in the developed industrial society in the West.Today,Chinese academia is questioning the excessive criticism of the Frankfurt School against mass culture,seeking for the reconstruction of discourse about the criticism of mass culture.After more than two centuries of evolution,a genealogical framework of 'critical' discourse has formed.Through genealogical research into 'critical' discourse,one can observe the defining and shaping role that historical context and power relations have played in the formation and evolution of 'critical' discourse and better understand the more constructive and more constitutive principle of sufficient reason in the 'critical' discourse in today's China.

关 键 词：“批判”话语 谱系学 社会历史语境 权力关系 规定 形塑 

分 类 号：G02[文化科学]