陕北黄土高原复杂地形风速廓线特性  

Speed profile characteristics of wind over complex terrain in loess plateau in Northern Shaanxi

作　　者：雷杨娜[1] 孙娴[1] 张侠[1] 孙彬彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省气候中心,陕西西安710014

出　　处：《可再生能源》2015年第9期1345-1350,共6页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：中国气象局公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306048);中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201234)

摘　　要：为了揭示陕北黄土高原地区复杂地形条件下风速随高度的变化特征,利用该地区6座测风塔的1年完整测风资料,对不同地形、不同地表粗糙度下风切变指数的日变化、季节变化以及不同风速段内的变化特征进行了分析。研究发现：各测风塔风切变指数均为正值,说明在陕北黄土高原大部分地区随着高度增加风速呈增大趋势;地形起伏和下垫面对风廓线影响明显;不同地形下风切变指数均表现出白天较小,夜间较大的特征;各测风塔风切变指数昼夜差异表现不一致;各测风塔风切变指数季节差异明显,在不同的地形条件下各有特点;随着风速增大风切变指数均呈现先增大后减小的变化趋势,但峰值所在风速区间不一;3~12 m/s的风切变指数大于风电场综合风切变指数,有利于提高风电场发电量,该特征可用于评价风电场的风能资源状况。The vertical wind shear characteristics under the complex terrain conditions in Loess Plateau were explored by using the observed data of whole year in Northern Shaanxi, and the change characteristics such as daily and seasonal variations were analyzed. The results showed that wind speed in most region of the Loess Plateau in Northern Shaanxi increased with height, and topography and surface roughness affected the wind shear exponents significantly. The wind shear exponent had the characteristics of smaller in the day and larger in the night under different terrain, and the difference between day and night of each tower wind shear was inconsistent. Each tower wind shear exponent showed significant seasonal differences. The wind shear exponent increased at first then decreased with wind speed increasing. The wind shear index in 3 ~12 m/s was greater than the comprehensive wind shear exponent, which would help to improve the power output of wind farms,and this feature could be used to evaluate the status of wind energy resources.

关 键 词：陕北黄土高原 风切变指数 风资源评价 

分 类 号：TK81[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]