淡水浮游植物计数与定量方法  

A review on methods of cell enumeration and quantification of freshwater phytoplankton

作　　者：钱奎梅[1] 刘霞[1] 陈宇炜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2015年第5期767-775,共9页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：江苏省博士后科研资助计划项目(1401158C)资助

摘　　要：显微镜计数法是淡水浮游植物计数最常用的经典方法,是浮游植物生物量测定的基本方法,也是衡量其他测定方法准确性的依据.随着科技的发展,可见分光光度法、荧光分光光度法、流式细胞显微镜计数法、库尔特计数法等新型细胞计数法相继问世.对各种方法的特点进行比较,结果表明:光密度法、流式摄像机计数法、流式细胞仪法、叶绿素a法等仅能够分析测定浮游植物生物量,而显微镜法是测量浮游植物粒径的经典方法,不仅可以测定浮游植物生物量,还可以进行浮游植物的种类及群落结构分析.以上这些方法都可以用于浮游植物的计数与定量,可以根据不同的需求来选择最佳的浮游植物计数方法,如分析方便性、样本处理速率、样本大小等.但显微镜计数法在淡水生态学中具有不可替代的作用.Phytoplankton cell enumeration made under a light microscope is a basic and classic method for freshwater phytoplankton cell counting and biomass calculation,and also a basis for testing the accuracy of other methods. With the development of technology,some methods on phytoplankton cell enumeration and biomass evaluation,such as visible spectrophotometry,fluorescence spectroscopy,flow microscope counting method,coulter cell counting method,have been developed. Comparing the characteristics of these methods,the results show that the optical density method,Flow CAM counting,flow cytometry,and chlorophyll-a determination method can only analyze phytoplankton biomass. As a classical method to measure the particle size of phytoplankton cell,phytoplankton analysis under a light microscope can analyze not only phytoplankton biomass,but also phytoplankton species and community structure. Since all the methods were generally appropriate for freshwater phytoplankton biomass analysis,ancillary considerations（ e. g.,easiness of analysis,sample processing rate,sample size,etc.） become critical factors for the determination of optimal phytoplankton counting method. The study indicates that cell enumeration and biomass calculation under a light microscope has an irreplaceable role in phytoplankton biomass evaluation in modern ecology.

关 键 词：浮游植物 细胞计数 生物量 显微镜 定量 

分 类 号：Q94-3[生物学—植物学]