高空气象观测规范改进及雷达元数据应用  

Application Improvements of L-Band Radar System Metadata and Issues Related to Upper-Air Meteorological Observation Specifications

作　　者：李宇中[1] 李辉城 梁建平[3] 覃晓玲[4] 韦丽英[5] 刘旭[6] 梁科炎 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区气象局,南宁530022 [2]南宁市气象局,南宁530022 [3]广西桂林市气象局,桂林541001 [4]广西河池市气象局,河池547000 [5]广西百色市气象局,百色533000 [6]广西北海市气象局,北海536000 [7]广西梧州市气象局,梧州543000

出　　处：《气象科技》2015年第4期587-594,共8页Meteorological Science and Technology

摘　　要：对我国高空气象观测业务规范存在的纰漏和现行业务软件算法对观测秒数据利用率不高,导致计算结果精度不足等问题进行了分析,并就如何扩展应用L波段雷达-GTS1电子探空仪系统元数据来解决相关问题进行了探讨。结果表明:测风秒数据的最大利用价值在于优化和调整量得风层的计算厚度(时间间隔),可将L波段系统测风精度提高到与RS92GPS探空系统同一数量级,基本满足业务部门对高空风的观测精度要求;通过对气球下沉记录处理流程的调整改进可实现相关记录数据段的妥善保存;引入探空和测风秒数据的野值综合判别、自动剔除和拟合补缺算法,可在提高秒数据利用率的同时进一步提升业务系统的智能化、自动化水平。上述新技术、新方法的采用,都须以对现行高空气象观测规范中的相关业务规定进行调整、改进作为前提。An analysis is made of the application of the observation data provided by L-band radar system,in order to solve the existing problems and improve the accuracy of upper-air meteorological observation.The main technical methods are discussed,including the data smoothing algorithm,outlier value judgment,eliminating and fitting compensation algorithm,sequence calculation method of the measured wind layer data per second,and so on.The results show that the value of wind second observation is to optimize and adjust the calculation steps（time interval）of the measured wind layer thickness,which can improve L-band system observation accuracy to reach the same level with the RS92 GPS sounding system and meet the basic requirements of the weather forecast service department.It is pointed out that the balloon sinking records can be properly kept by adjusting the operating procedures.Those comprehensive identification and interpolation methods for outliers can be used to improve the utilization rate of the second observation data provided by the L-band radar system,further enhance the level of intellectualization and automation of the operational service system.Such suggestions and improvements are expected to take effect on the revision of Upper-Air Meteorological Service Specification.

关 键 词：L波段雷达 平滑算法 野值删除 下沉记录 

分 类 号：P451[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]