马克思劳动生产率与商品价值量关系的再考察  

Reconsideration of the Relationship between Marxist Labor Productivity and Commodity Value Quantity

作　　者：陆夏[1] 刘晔[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学马克思主义研究院,上海200433

出　　处：《当代经济研究》2015年第9期33-38,97,共6页Contemporary Economic Research

摘　　要：在劳动生产率与商品价值量是"成反比"还是"成正比"的争论中,部份学者往往混淆了个别劳动生产率、部门劳动生产率和社会劳动生产率这三种不同的劳动生产率。事实上,劳动生产率的类别、劳动复杂性及使用价值质的变化都会改变二者的关系:在不考虑经济发展因素与劳动复杂性的条件下,个别劳动生产率与单位商品价值量仍然"成反比",但在部门劳动生产率提高的动态条件下,二者的关系则取决于个别与部门两种劳动生产率变动比率上的差异;而社会劳动生产率提高,并不必然改变商品价值总量,影响商品价值总量的根本因素还是来源于劳动的复杂化。In the controversy regarding the relationship of labor productivity and commodity value quantity being in 'inverse proportion' or 'direct proportion',three different labor productivities,including individual labor productivity,division labor productivity and social labor productivity,are always confused.In fact,the categories of labor productivities,labor complexity and the change of use value quantity may all change the relationship of labor productivity and commodity value quantity.If economic development elements and labor complexity are not considered,individual labor productivity and unit commodity value quantity are still in 'inverse proportion';but under the dynamic condition of division labor productivity being improved,the relationship between the two sides depends on the difference of the change ratios of individual and division labor productivities;while the improvement of social labor productivity does not necessarily change the total quantity of commodity value and the fundamental factor affecting the total quantity of commodity value still originates from labor complexity.

关 键 词：劳动生产率 单位商品价值 商品总价值 社会必要劳动时间 使用价值 

分 类 号：F014.2[经济管理—政治经济学]