芥子气不同途径染毒致大鼠急性肺损伤的观察  

Morphological assessment of sulfur mustard-induced acute lung injury in rats through different routes

作　　者：朱双双[1] 祝筱姬[2] 赵建[3] 钟玉绪[3] 杨华[1] 王涛[4] 季鹏[2] 鞠玲燕[2] 王美红[2] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院研究生部,261042 [2] 解放军第89医院呼吸科 [3] 军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所 [4] 解放军第89医院病理科

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2015年第9期685-688,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的 建立芥子气（sulfur mustard,SM）不同途径致大鼠急性肺损伤模型,对鼠肺进行组织和细胞形态学对比分析.方法 雄性大鼠136只,随机分为腹腔SM组（32只）,气管SM组（32只）,腹腔丙二醇组（32只）、气管丙二醇组（32只）、正常对照组（8只）.腹腔SM组腹腔内注入稀释的SM（0.1ml,8 mg/kg）,气管SM组气管内注入稀释的SM（0.1 ml,2 mg/kg）,在不同处理6、24、48、72 h后处死各组动物,在光学显微镜和电子显微镜下观察肺组织和细胞形态学改变.结果 光学显微镜所见：腹腔SM组细支气管黏膜上皮完整,肺泡腔内渗出物和出血增多,出现大面积肺实变征.气管SM组受损细支气管黏膜灶性溃疡形成,肺泡腔内渗出物和出血增多,呈肺实变,周边肺泡腔呈代偿性肺气肿改变.两组肺泡间隔面积随时间延长而增宽.电子显微镜所见：腹腔SM组和气管SM组Ⅰ型肺泡细胞膜局部缺失,Ⅱ型肺泡细胞表面微绒毛断裂缺失,两组均有线粒体嵴模糊,粗面内质网表面附着的核糖体脱离.与气管SM组、正常对照组比较,腹腔SM组6、24、48、72h肺泡间隔平均面积比值（B/A）明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 腹腔途径SM染毒肺组织损伤程度比气管途径严重,气管途径SM染毒存在细支气管黏膜上皮灶性溃疡.两组肺组织损伤程度随时间延长而加重,细胞损伤大致相同.Objective To establish an animal model of sulfur mustard （SM）-induced acute lung injury in rats through different routes and compare the morphological changes in lung tissue and cells.Methods One hundred and thirty-six male rats were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups,namely peritoneal cavity SM group （n=32）,trachea SM group （n=32）,peritoneal cavity propylene glycol group （n=32）,trachea propylene glycol group （n=32）,and normal control group （n=8）.The rats in peritoneal cavity SM group were injected intraperitoneally with diluted SM （0.1 ml,8 mg/kg）,and the rats in trachea SM group were injected intratracheally with diluted SM （0.1 ml,2 mg/kg）.Once the rats were sacrificed at 6,24,48,and 72 h after SM treatment,morphological changes in lung tissue and cells were observed by light and electron microscopy.Results In the peritoneal cavity SM group,the epithelial cells of bronchioles maintained intact with increased exudate and bleeding in alveolar cavity and large areas of pulmonary consolidation under the light microscope.In the tracheal SM group,focal ulcer formed in the epithelial cells of bronchioles with increased exudate and bleeding in alveolar cavity,partial pulmonary consolidation,and compensatory emphysema in peripheral alveolar space under the light microscope.The alveolar interval areas were widened obviously in both groups in a time-dependent manner.Under the electron microscope,we observed local loss of cellular membrane in type Ⅰ alveolar epithelium,broken or lost microvilli in cells of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelium and fuzzy mitochondrial crista as well as the：appearance of ribosome detached from rough endoplasmic reticulum in both two groups.Compared with those in the trachea SM group and the control group,the ratio of the alveolar septum average area to the visual field area in the peritoneal cavity SM group at 6,24,48,and 72 h was significantly higher （P〈0.05）.Conclusion The lung tissue injury through the intraperitoneal route is more severe than th

关 键 词：芥子气 肺损伤 大鼠 病理学 

分 类 号：R595[医药卫生—内科学] R563[医药卫生—临床医学]