不同化学打顶剂对棉花农艺及产量性状的影响  

Effects on the Agronomic and Economic Characters of Cotton by Applying Different Topping Chemicals

作　　者：康正华[1] 赵强[1] 娄善伟 葛杰[1] 张海祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]国家棉花工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2015年第7期1200-1208,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高技术研究发展项目(201411102)

摘　　要：【目的】比较6种不同化学打顶剂,对常规棉和杂交棉农艺性状及产量性状的影响,为新疆棉花合理应用化学打顶剂提供参考。【方法】选用金棉、土优塔、氟节胺、智控先锋、西域金杉、棉打顶等6种化学打顶,常规棉金丰905和杂交棉中抗2号2种棉花材料。共设置8个处理,其中6个化学打顶,1个未打顶对照和1个人工打顶。试验重复3次,收获期测定不同棉花品种间的农艺性状差异及其产量差异。【结果】6种不同化学打顶剂在农艺性状方面均能降低株高,减少果枝数,缩短倒一至倒六果枝长度、叶柄长度,减小倒一至倒六主茎叶叶宽;在经济性状方面影响也明显,化学打顶剂与对照相比均能提高产量,与人工打顶效果无差异。其中化学打顶剂金棉增产最明显:中抗2号提高14.8%,金丰905提高20.41%。【结论】化学打顶能有效控制棉花株高,控制果枝数,提高产量;不同化学打顶剂对不同棉花农艺性状,产量性状影响有差异,应选用相应药剂和相应密度下的品种才能更好的发挥打顶剂的作用。【Objective】This experiment aims to compare 6 different types of topping chemicals for evaluating the effects by applying chemicals to analyze the effects on agronomic and economic characters of cotton of various species in Xinjiang,and then provide reasonable bases of selecting appropriate topping chemicals for Xinjiang＇s cotton in different areas. 【Method】6 types of chemicals were selected,they were： Jinmian,Tuyouta,Flumetralin,Zhikongxianfeng,Xiyujinshan and Miandading; and 2 cotton species were chosen,they were： Jinfeng 905 and Zhongkang No. 2. 8 testing conditions were set up for each type of chemicals,among which,six were chemicals,one was the contrastive group and one was for manual topping; the experiment repeated 3 times to study the difference of agronomic and economic characters and yield between cotton species during harvest period. 【Result】6 types of the chemicals in terms of agronomic and economic characters could all reduce the cotton＇s height,decrease the amount of fruit spur,shorten the length of fruit spur from internode1 to internode 6 and length of petiole,decrease the width of leaves on main stem from internode 1 to internode6. The effect in terms of economic characters was also obvious as that compared to non- decapitation. The use of the different chemicals could all increase the yield of cotton while there was no obvious difference as compared to manual topping. Among all types of chemicals,the effect from using the chemical Jinmian on increasing yield of the two species was the most significant： Zhongkang No. 2 increased the yield by 14. 8% while Jinfeng 905 increased the yield by 20. 41%. 【Conclusion】The technique of chemical topping was able to control height of cotton and number of fruit spur effectively and increase the yield. The use of different chemicals on various cotton species will come up with diverse effects on the agronomic and economic characters of cotton. The relevant chemicals for the species with specific density should be chosen to achieve the b

关 键 词：棉花 化学打顶剂 农艺性状 经济性状 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]