不同播期对南疆杂交棉物质分配及产量构成的影响  

Effect of Different Sowing Dates on Material Distribution and Yield Formation of Hybrid Cotton in Southern Xinjiang

作　　者：王冀川[1] 徐雅丽[1] 谷磊[1] 艾买尔江.吾斯曼 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2015年第7期1209-1215,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：兵团工业科技攻关计划项目(2009GG31);塔里木大学校长基金重点项目(TDZKZD09001)

摘　　要：【目的】研究杂交棉生长的物质积累与分配规律,为杂交棉高产创建提供理论依据。【方法】设置不同播期试验,研究杂交棉在南疆生态区条件下的生长规律、物质分配和产量形成特征。【结果】各处理杂交棉地上部干物质积累动态均符合＂S＂曲线变化,干物质积累最大速率出现在出苗后95~110 d,各器官干重占全株干重比例,苗期以叶最高,开花期以茎最大,生殖器官自开花后持续上升直至收获,其中从初铃期开始蕾铃生长占优势,为生长中心。随播期推迟,地上部干物质积累量和生殖器官干重比例呈下降趋势,NAR高峰期推后,且后期下降过快,造成产量下降。【结论】播期对杂交棉产量物质的形成有明显影响,生产上应根据实际情况做到尽量早播。【Objective】The paper aims to provide a theoretical basis for the creation of hybrid cotton high- yield. 【Method】Through setting different sowing date field trails,the growth law,dry material distribution and yield characteristics of hybrid cotton in Southern Xinjiang were explored. 【Result】The dry matter accumulation dynamics accorded with ＂ S＂ curve,the maximum rate of dry matter accumulation occurred after emergence 95- 110 d. The organ max ratio of dry weight to whole plant＇ was leaf at seeding stage but stem at flowering stage. After flowering,the dry weight ratio of reproductive organs to whole plant continues tended to rise and reached to the maximum at frost date. From early bell stage,the material supply center was bud and boll,whose growth was dominant. With sowing postponed,the aboveground dry matter accumulation and genital dry weight ratio declined,the peak of NAR was postponed and rapidly declined at the later stage,resulting in the production decline. 【Conclusion】Different sowing had a significant effect on the formation of hybrid cotton yield substances,and in actual production,the sowing dates should be arranged as early as possible according to the actual situation.

关 键 词：杂交棉 播期 干物质积累 产量构成 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]