水分胁迫对间作棉田土壤物理性质及水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of Water Stress to Soil Physical Properties and Water Use Efficiency in Intercropping Fields

作　　者：王娟[1] 江天才[1] 万素梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2015年第7期1230-1236,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260309);兵团科技支疆项目(2014AB017);国家级大学生创新项目(201410757033)

摘　　要：【目的】明确水分胁迫对枣园间作条件下棉田土壤物理性质及水分利用效率的影响。【方法】研究阿拉尔垦区幼龄枣园不同间作模式土壤水分动态变化规律及棉花生产力动态。【结果】（1）轻度水分胁迫、适宜水分处理下土壤含水量较高,紧实度适中,具有较强的保墒蓄水能力。（2）同一水分处理下,产量表现为M3〉M2〉M1。同一种植模式下,产量表现为W2〉W3〉W4〉W1。（3）W1水分处理和M3模式作物的水分利用效率较高。（4）适宜间作枣园的灌水量为300 m3/667m2。【结论】阿拉尔垦区1~2龄枣园中,红枣与棉花间距保持0.5 m距离,对提高棉花产量较为有益,且对枣树影响较小;第3年,红枣与棉花间距应调整为1.0m,可以最大限度发挥枣棉间作复合系统的生产潜力。【Objective】To clarify the effects of water stress on soil physical properties and water use efficiency in intercropping fields.【Method】The paper studied the soil water dynamics and cotton productivity dynamics under different intercropping modes in young jujube field of Alar reclamation area. 【Result】The results showed that：（ 1） The soil moisture of mild water stress and suitable water were higher,and their compaction was moderate with strong soil moisture storage capacity.（ 2） Under the same water treatment,the yield was M3 M2 M1. In the same planting pattern,yield performance was W2 W3 W4 W1.（ 3） The water use efficiency of W1 and M3 was quite high.（ 4） In view of many aspects,the suitable irrigation amount for intercropping jujube orchard was 300 m3/667m2. 【Conclusion】It was suggested that in Alar area 1- 2age jujube orchard,a distance of 0. 5 m between jujube and cotton be suitable,which would be more beneficial to improve cotton production and had a smaller impact on the jujube; During the third year,the spacing between jujube and cotton should be kept at 1. 0 m,which could maximize the potential of jujube intercropping cotton production complex systems.

关 键 词：间作 水分胁迫 含水量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] S152.5