氮肥施用量对甜菜蔗糖代谢关键酶和可溶性糖含量的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Application on the Content of Soluble Sugar and Key Enzyme Activities in Sugar Metabolism of Sugar Beet

作　　者：刘娜[1,2,3] 宋柏权[1,2,3] 闫志山[1,2,3] 范有君[1,2,3] 杨骥[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学农作物研究院,哈尔滨150080 [2]中国农业科学院甜菜研究所,哈尔滨150080 [3]中国农业科学院北方糖料作物资源与利用重点开放实验室,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第27期183-189,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家甜菜现代农业产业技术体系建设项目"东北区甜菜栽培"(CARS210301-05)

摘　　要：为了筛选合适的氮素施用量,研究氮素营养和甜菜蔗糖代谢的关系。以尿素为氮源,采用HI003为试材,研究了不同的施氮水平对甜菜叶片和块根可溶性糖含量、蔗糖磷酸合成酶、蔗糖合成酶活性的影响。结果表明：在生育期初期,叶片和块根中的可溶性糖含量随着施氮量的提高降低,后期糖分积累期,施氮量（40~160 kg/hm2）可以提高块根的可溶性糖含量,超过160 kg/hm2可溶性糖含量降低;叶片中,整个生育期施氮肥处理增加了蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性,蔗糖合成酶在生育期前期随着施氮量增加活性降低;甜菜块根中,氮素处理在生育期初期,降低了蔗糖合成酶、蔗糖磷酸合成酶的活性,适宜的施氮量（120~160 kg/hm2）可以提高甜菜生育期后期块根中的蔗糖合成酶、蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性;试验发现较高的施氮量不利于糖的积累,适合的施氮量为120~160 kg/hm2。In order to select suitable level of nitrogen and study the relationships between nitrogen nutritionand the sucrose metabolism of sugar beet, urea was used as soil nitrogen fertilizer and HI003 was selected asexperimental sample, the effects of different nitrogen levels on the content of soluble sugar, activities of sucrosephosphorus synthase and sucrose synthase were studied in roots and leaves. The results were as following： inthe early growth stage, the content of soluble sugar decreased with the increase of nitrogen levels in both rootsand leaves. Nitrogen（40- 160 kg/hm2） increased the content of soluble sugar in roots in the tuber sugaraccumulation period, and decreased the content of soluble sugar with the increase of nitrogen levels more than160 kg/hm2. Nitrogen application increased activities of sucrose phosphorus synthase in sugar beet leaves inthe whole growth period, and decreased activities of sucrose synthase with the increase of nitrogen levels insugar beet leaves in the early growth stage. In sugar beet roots, activities of sucrose phosphorus synthase andsucrose synthase decreased with nitrogen application in the early growth stage, but suitable nitrogen levels（120- 160 kg/hm2） increased activities of sucrose phosphorus synthase and sucrose synthase in later growthstage. The results showed that high nitrogen levels were not beneficial to sugar accumulation and the suitablelevels of nitrogen were 120-160 kg/hm2.

关 键 词：甜菜 可溶性糖 蔗糖合成酶 蔗糖磷酸合成酶 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]