免耕栽培不同秸秆覆盖量下土壤温度变化研究  

Study on Soil Temperature Variation of No-till Cultivation with Different Amounts of Stalk Mulch

作　　者：张敬涛[1] 刘婧琦[1] 赵桂范[1] 盖志佳[1] 蔡丽君[1] 张伟[1] 郭伟[1] 李春华[1] 刘秀芝[1] 赵文军[1] 郑海燕[1] 王庆胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第27期224-228,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国际合作项目"窄行大豆免耕关键技术合作研究"(WB13B109)

摘　　要：试验采用微区定位方法,研究免耕栽培条件下不同秸秆覆盖量对大豆田土壤温度的影响。结果表明：秸秆覆盖平作免耕栽培处理间随秸秆覆盖量增加,土壤温度呈下降趋势,较0%秸秆覆盖常规秋翻垄作对照比,0、30、60、100%秸秆覆盖免耕处理分别降低0.35~4.39、0.45~4.55、0.57~5.34、0.77~6.14℃;各生育时期间以苗期各处理土温与对照差异最大,开花以后土温差异变小;各处理不同土层间降温幅度为0.46~3.62℃,仍以苗期降幅最大为3.62℃。因此,在高纬度寒地应用秸秆还田免耕技术关键是在苗期采用增温措施,促进幼苗发育。Micro area locating method was used in order to study the effect of different amounts of stalk mulchon soil temperature in no-till soybean field. The results indicated that： with the increase of the amount of stalkmulch, the soil temperature decreased. Compared to the control of 0% stalk mulch conventional fall ploughingridge culture, the soil temperature of no-till treatments with 0%, 30%, 60%, 100% stalk mulch decreased by0.35-4.39, 0.45-4.55, 0.57-5.34 and 0.77-6.14℃ respectively. Among different growth stages, seedling stagehad the biggest temperature difference compared to the control, and the difference became small after bloom.The temperature drop range was 0.46-3.62℃ between different soil layers, seedling stage had the largest droprange of 3.62℃. Therefore, the key of stalk returning no-till technique application in the high latitude coldregion was adopting temperature increase measures at the seedling stage in order to promote seedling growth.

关 键 词：免耕 秸秆覆盖 土壤温度 生育时期 

分 类 号：S359.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]