湖北四湖流域涝渍地综合利用与治理对排涝模数的影响  

Effect of Waterlogging Land Reclamation on Drainage Modulus in the Four-Lake Basin of Hubei Province

作　　者：王修贵[1] 张华彬[1] 罗文兵[2] 孔东[3] 温季 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点试验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]长江科学院农业水利研究所,湖北武汉430010 [3]中国灌溉排水发展中心,北京100054 [4]水利部农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《华北水利水电大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期1-7,共7页Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power：Natural Science Edition

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD08B03);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51379153)

摘　　要：湖北四湖流域位于江汉平原腹地,历史上曾是湖区沼泽之地,经过多年围垦开发,现为湖北省重要的粮、棉、油和水产基地,通过采取暗管排水、旱改水、渔作养种等措施综合利用和治理涝渍地成为当地发展现代农业的重要途径.为了探究涝渍地利用与治理对排涝模数的影响,以SWAT模型为工具,建立涝渍地治理影响下的流域产汇流模型,根据实测资料,选择观测系列较长的2009年、2013年日径流数据进行率定和检验,结果表明模型能较好地模拟当地的降雨径流.基于该地区对涝渍地的实际利用与治理经验,采用旱地改水田、渔作养种以及暗管排水3种措施的不同组合方式,应用所建立的模型模拟不同组合方式对排涝模数的影响.结果表明,同未进行涝渍地利用与治理相比：13种措施都会引起排涝模数的减小,3种措施引起的排涝模数的减小幅度从高到低依次是：渔作养种、旱改水、暗管排水;2在相同的暴雨重现期下,渔作养种引起排涝模数的减小幅度为5.8%-9.1%,旱改水的减小幅度为3.4%-6.8%,暗管排水的减小幅度为1.1%-2.3%;3单一措施对排涝模数的影响程度随涝渍地治理或利用面积的增加而增大;4对涝渍地采取组合措施治理,暗管排水和旱改水组合时排涝模数减少的幅度为1.8%-3.7%,暗管排水与渔作养种组合时排涝模数减少的幅度为4.0%-6.1%,渔作养种与旱改水组合时排涝模数减少的幅度为5.0%-8.2%.适应涝地特点的综合利用与治理对于有效地缓解当地的排涝压力、减小排涝模数具有一定的作用.The Four-Lake Basin is located in the central region of Jianghan Plain, where was a marsh and lake district in history. Through years of reclamation, now it becomes an important foundation of cotton, grain and oils seeds production in Hubei Province. But there are still about 4 553 km2 waterlogging lands,which is about 39.43% of the total land. Recently, with the modern agriculture development, waterlogging lands reclamation was paid much attention by local government and the farmers. Paddy rice cultivation replaced by dry crop, pipe drainage, paddy rice cultivation intercropped with fishing were the main reclamation measures and were widely used. To explore the influence of waterlogging land reclamation on drainage modulus, the SWAT model was calibrated and verified with daily runoff observation data in 2009 and 2013. The results show there is a satisfactory coincidence between the observation and simulation. Drainage modulus was simulated with SWAT model in different scenarios, which were based on the combination of different waterlogging lands reclamation proportion of paddy rice cultivation instead of dry crop, pipe drainage, paddy rice cultivation intercropped with fishing. The results show that compared with no waterlogging lands reclamation： 1 ） All the reclamation measures would decrease drainage modulus, the reduction from high to low is paddy rice cultivation intercropped with fishing, paddy rice cultivation instead of dry crop and pipe drainage; 2） In the same rainstorm return period, paddy rice cultivation intercropped with fishing would cause the 5.8% to 9.1% reduction in the drainage modulus, and while Paddy rice cultivation instead of dry crop 3.4% to 6.8% , and pipe drainage 1.1% to 2.3% ; 3） When single reclamation measure was taken, the effect of drainage modulus decreased with the increase of the reclamation area; 4） When the combination of different measures was taken, paddy rice cultivation instead of dry crop combined with pipe drainage would cause 1.8% to 3.9% reduction in the dra

关 键 词：SWAT模型 涝渍治理 涝渍地利用 排涝模数 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程]