组合旋转变径篮圈训练法对投篮命中率的实验研究  

Experimental Research on the Shooting Rate Using Training Method with Combinatorial Rotary Basket Ring of Variable Diameter

作　　者：郭斌[1] 钟斌[2] 吴钟权[1] 王新建[1] 鲍耀武[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安体育学院,西安710068 [2]武警工程大学,西安710086

出　　处：《西安体育学院学报》2015年第5期637-640,共4页Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University

基　　金：国家体育总局重点研究领域研究项目(2012B038)

摘　　要：为模拟篮球比赛攻守双方激烈对抗时投篮瞬间运动员与球篮不同的动态位置,三面组合篮板变径篮圈旋转投篮训练应运而生。实验选择训练器三档渐进的旋转速度和间歇运行方式,进行单动和双动条件下控制训练,增加投篮训练的难度,实验中采用180 s、距离7 m投篮100次命中率作为评价指标。运用内径37 cm、40 cm和43 cm等3种篮圈分别模拟罚球、中距离投篮和远距离投篮等3种投篮场景,并进行投篮的运动学图像分析,变径篮圈投篮训练指标最接近比赛时的运动学指标。组合旋转变径篮圈训练法提供了培养投篮运动员方位感与空间感的新环境。通过对青年男子篮球运动员的应用实验证明,对运动员投篮技能和投篮认知感觉的提升取得了良好效果,使投篮训练条件接近实战比赛的场景,具有明显的投篮技能的体验效应和投篮命中率的提升功效。In order to simulate different dynamic position among athletes and ball basket while shooting in an instant when at- tackers and defenders angrily confront in basketball match, shooting trainer system with rotary combination type＇s three sides backboards and with basket ring of variable diameter is initiatively applied to shooting training. The shooting trainer＇s three - grad progressive rotation speed and interval operation mode are selected during experiment, and controlled training is used on the condition of single - action and double - action. So shooting training＇s difficulty is increased. In experiment, the evalua- tion index is shooting rate of 100 time＇s shooting in 180 s/7 m. Basket ring＇s inner diameters are 37 cm, 40 cm and 43 cm, and the three kinds of basket ring of variable diameter simulate three kinds of shooting scenes （ penalty shots, perimeter shots and long- distance shots）. At the same time, shooting＇s kinematics image is analyzed. Analysis results show that shooting training index with basket ring of variable diameter is most close to competition＇s kinematics indexes. The shooting trainer supplies shooting athletes with new environment direction sense and space sense. Application experiments for young men athletes show that shooting trainer can better promote athletes＇ shooting skills and shooting cognitive feeling, shooting trainer＇s shooting conditions can be close to the actual competition, and can obviously promote athletes＇experience effect of shooting skills and shooting rate.

关 键 词：投篮训练法 旋转 变径篮圈 应用实验 投篮命中率 

分 类 号：G841.19[文化科学—体育训练]