三种镍基电极的结构和催化析氢性能研究  

Study on Comparison of Microstructure and Hydrogen Evolution Catalytic Properties of Three Nickel-based Electrodes

作　　者：张爱国[1] 宋时莉[1] 岳飞飞[1] 朱艳兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所,河北邯郸056027

出　　处：《舰船防化》2015年第3期32-39,共8页

摘　　要：本文采用环境扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、阴极极化曲线及交流阻抗等测试方法，比较了纯镍网、Raney．Ni和电沉积Ni—Sn合金电极的微观结构和催化析氢性能。阴极极化曲线测试结果表明，Ni—Sn合金的催化析氢性能优于纯镍网和Raney-Ni。室温25℃，阴极极化电流i=300mA／cm2时，Ni．Sn合金电极的析氢过电位为161mV，低于Raney-Ni电极的341mV。EIS测试结果表明，Raney-Ni的表面粗糙度大于Ni—sn合金，由此推断出Ni—Sn合金具有的高催化析氢性能，不仅仅与其粗糙表面有关，还与其本身的电子结构有关。使用Ni-sn合金电极替代Raney-Ni电极做碱性水电解槽的阴极，可降低电解槽小室电压约10％，从而降低电解能耗，产生良好的经济和环境效益。In this article, environment scanning electron microscopy （ESEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, cathode polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） were employed to characterize the microstructure and hydrogen evolution catalytic properties of pure nickel net, Raney-Ni and Ni-Sn alloy electrodes. The results of cathode polarization curve revealed that the catalytic property of the Ni-Sn alloy had the advantage over that of pure nickel and Raney-Ni. The hydrogen overpotential measured for the Ni-Sn alloy was 161mV at cathodic polarization current of 300mA/cm2 and the temperature of 25℃, which was lower than that of Raney-Ni electrode of 341mV. The results of EIS showed that the surface roughness of Raney-Ni was higher than that of Ni-Sn alloy, implying that the high catalytic performance exhibited by Ni-Sn alloy was not only because of its large actual area, but also for its electron structure. Using Ni-Sn alloy electrode to replace Raney-Ni in alkaline water electrolyzer could effectively reduce the cell voltage by 10% and thereby decrease the electrolysis cost, which would produce good economic and environmental benefits.

关 键 词：Ni—sn合金 RANEY-NI 析氢过电位 碱性水电解 Tafel曲线 

分 类 号：TQ153.2[化学工程—电化学工业]