7种家养动物全基因组微卫星分布的差异研究  

Distribution Difference of Microsatellite in 7 Domestic Animals Genomes

作　　者：王月月[1,2] 刘雪雪[2] 董坤哲[2] 陈潇飞 叶绍辉[1] 马月辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,昆明650201 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2015年第9期2418-2426,共9页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31272403);农业科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS01);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-40-01)

摘　　要：为了研究7种家养动物全基因组微卫星的分布是否存在差异,本试验利用软件MSDB搜索了猪、马、牛、山羊、绵羊、鸡和犬7种家养动物全基因组微卫星序列,并对其进行了分析研究。初步结果显示,7种家养动物全基因组微卫星在数量、丰度和密度上都存在差异,其中数量、丰度和密度最高的是犬,共1 436 242个位点,数量最少的是鸡,共276 564个位点,但丰度和密度最低的是马,共430 760个位点。对这些微卫星的分析表明,所有物种全基因组中单碱基重复微卫星最丰富,六碱基重复微卫星数量最少,且6种重复类型的优势微卫星都富含碱基A和T。除这些共同点之外,微卫星的分布规律也存在差异。总的来说,牛、山羊、绵羊微卫星的分布规律最为相似,鸡与其他物种微卫星的分布规律相差最远。分析还发现,7种动物微卫星长度大多集中在12~20bp之间,这可能是受到趋同选择压力的结果。据以上可以推测,物种间微卫星的分布存在差异,但也存在一定的保守性,且物种间亲缘关系越近,微卫星的分布也越相似。以上结果为以后微卫星的功能研究提供依据。To investigate whether difference in SSRs distribution of 7domestic animals genomes,the microsatellite sequence were searched by using MSDB（Microsatellite Search and Building Database）and analyzed in pig,horse,cow,goat,sheep,chicken and dog genomes.Preliminary results showed that SRRs number,frequency and density were found to be largely variable among these animals.The most abundant distribution was observed in dog genome with 1 436 242 identified SSRs loci.The minimum SSRs（276 564）number was found in chicken genome.Yet,the minimum SSRs（430 760）frequency and density were found in horse genome.Among these SSRs,mononucleotide repeat type motif was the most abundant and pentanucleotide repeat type motif was the rarest in all animals.Meanwhile,all the dominant SSRs for different repeat types were abundant in nucleotide A and T.In addition,there was variability among 7animals of SSRs distribution.In general,SSRs distribution was the most similar in cow,goat and sheep genomes,and chicken was the most different from other animals.The results also showed that the length of microsatellite ranged mainly from 12 to 20bp in all animals,which might be due to selection pressure of convergence.In short,these results revealed difference as well as conservation in SSRs distribution among different domestic animals genomes.In particular,genetically close animals tended to have similar SSR distribution patters.This would provide a basis for subsequent research of SSRs function.

关 键 词：微卫星 重复类型 重复拷贝类别 微卫星长度 

分 类 号：S813[农业科学—畜牧学]