贵州省赫章县镉污染区人群健康损害状况调查及损害指标关系探讨  

Survey on the status of health effects and relationship between indices of health effects of population in environment cadmium polluted area in Hezhang County,Guizhou Province

作　　者：张文丽[1] 姚丹成[2] 孙嘉龙 韩京秀[1] 尚琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100050 [2]贵州省疾病预防控制中心职业病所 [3]贵州省环境科学研究设计院

出　　处：《卫生研究》2015年第5期780-787,共8页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：环保部贵州赫章镉污染区污染现状及人群健康调查(No.EH-2009-12-09)

摘　　要：目的了解贵州省赫章县环境镉污染区人群健康状况。方法通过随机抽样方法获得调查对象,采集人群尿样,等离子发射光谱-质谱法(ICP-MS)检测尿镉,分光光度法测定N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)和肌酐,放射免疫法测定β2-微球蛋白等指标。结果完成人群尿样筛查共1351人份,污染区948人,对照区403人。污染区与对照区人群尿镉水平分别为8.79和2.93μg/g Cr,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),尿镉阳性率分别为10.8%和1.2%。两地区人群尿β2-MG和尿NAG水平差异无统计学意义。污染区与对照区人群联合反应率分别为1.6%和0.5%。结论赫章县环境镉污染对人群存在潜在健康危害,联合检测尿镉、NAG和β2-微球蛋白能够全面反映环境镉污染的健康危害。Objective To investigate health status of general population in environment cadmium polluted area in Hezhang County,Guizhou Province. Methods The subjects were selected by random sampling from the local resident. The urine samples were collected and detected for cadmium,N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase（ NAG） and β2-microglobulin（ β2-MG）. ICP-MS（ inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry） was used to determine Cd concentrations. β2-MG was determined using radioimmunoassay.NAG and creatinine was measured by spectrophotometry. Results Urinary screening was carried out and 1351 urine samples were collected,948 samples from polluted area and403 samples from control area. There were significant difference for urine Cd between polluted and control population. The mean value of urinary Cd in polluted area and control area were 8. 79 μg / g Cr and 2. 93 μg / g Cr respectively,There was significant difference for Cd between pollution and control population（ P〈0. 05）. The positive ratio of urinaryCd in polluted area and control area were 10. 8% and 1. 2% respectively. There were no significant difference for β2-MG and NAG between pollution and control population. The cooperation positive rate of population in polluted and control area were 1. 6% and 0. 5%respectively. Conclusion There were potential health risk in the environmental cadmium polluted area,Cd,β2-MG and NAG should be used together to assess the health risk of environmental cadmium pollution completely.

关 键 词：环境 镉 N-乙酰-Β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶 Β2-微球蛋白 肾损伤 

分 类 号：R181.34[医药卫生—流行病学] R994.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]