电子束辐照3种盐生植物的存活及半致死剂量研究  

Study on Seeding Survival and Medial Lethal Dose of Three Halophtes Irradiated by Electron Beam

作　　者：罗春华[1,2] 曲颖[2] 李文建[2] 周利斌[2] 董喜存[2] 刘瑞媛[2] 金文杰[2] 郭凤霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院/甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院近代物理研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《核农学报》2015年第7期1316-1322,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中科院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-07-01,KZCX2-XB3-05-01);中科院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KJCX2-EW-N05);中科院西部之光项目(Y306020XBO);甘肃省自然科学基金(1308RJZA315)

摘　　要：为探讨3种盐生植物对电子束辐照的敏感性和适宜的辐照剂量,本文采用1.5 Me V能量的电子束对盐角草、异子蓬和盐地碱蓬干种子进行不同剂量（100～5 000 Gy）的辐照处理,研究了盐生植物种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、存活率、幼苗全长和鲜重的变化。结果显示：在辐照剂量范围内电子束辐照对盐角草发芽率影响不明显,发芽势和发芽指数随辐照剂量增加略微下降;异子蓬发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数随辐照剂量的增加先略微升高后逐渐降低,5 000 Gy电子束辐照后骤然下降;盐地碱蓬发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数随辐照剂量增加显著下降。随辐照剂量增加,盐角草幼苗鲜重逐渐降低,异子蓬和盐地碱蓬幼苗鲜重先升高后降低。3种盐生植物的活力指数、幼苗全长和存活率都随辐照剂量的增加而显著降低,存活率与辐照剂量呈显著负相关。研究初步确定了盐角草半致死剂量为2 929Gy,适宜剂量为2 343～3 514 Gy;异子蓬半致死剂量为929 Gy,适宜剂量为743～1 114 Gy;盐地碱蓬半致死剂量为2 868 Gy,适宜剂量为2 294～3 441 Gy。此外,3种不同盐生植物种子对电子束的辐照敏感性也不同。综上所述,本研究可为盐生植物品种改良提供理论依据。To discussed the sensitivity and appropriate irradiation dose of halophytes irradiated by the electron beam, three types of halophytes dry seeds were irradiated by 1.5 MeV electron beam （100 to 5 000 Gy）. The seed germination rate, germination capacity, germination index, seedling vigor index, seedling height, fresh weight and survival rate were investigated in this paper. The results showed that there had no obvious effects on germination rate of Salicornia europaea in irradiation doses. The germination capacity and germination index of Salicornia europaea were slightly decreased with the increase of irradiation doses. The germination rate, germination capacity and germination index of Borszczowia aralocaspica were increased firstly and then reduced with the increase irradiation doses, but suddenly dropped after 5 000 Gy irradiated. The germination rate, germination capacity and germination index of Suaeda salsa L. were dropped significantly with the increase of irradiation doses. The seedling fresh weight of Salicornia europaea was reduced gradually, and the others＇ seedling fresh weight were increased firstly and then reduced with the increase irradiation doses. The vigor index, seedling height and survival rate of three kinds of halophytes were reduced with the increase of irradiation doses. The survival rates significantly negatively correlated with irradiation doses. The medial lethal dose （LD50） of Salicornia europaea was 2 929 Gy and the optimum irradiation dosage was 2 343 to 3 514 Gy. The medial lethal dose of Borszczowia aralocaspica was 929 Gy and the optimum irradiation dosage was 743 to 1 114 Gy. The medial lethal dose of Suaeda salsa L. was 2 868 Gy and the optimum irradiation dosage was 2 294 to 3 441 Gy. Three kinds of halophytes showed different sensitivity to the electron beam irradiation. This research can provide theoretical basis for halophytes breed.

关 键 词：电子束 盐生植物 萌发特性 半致死剂量 

分 类 号：S124.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]