黑龙江省稻瘟病菌生理小种鉴定和主栽水稻品种抗病性及遗传多样性分析  

Identification of Physiological Race of Rice Blast Fungus and Disease Resistance and Genetic Diversity Analysis on Major Cultivars in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：郭丽颖[1] 赵宏伟[1] 王敬国[1] 刘化龙[1] 孙健[1] 宋微[1] 姜思达 兴旺[1] 邹德堂[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学水稻研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《核农学报》2015年第8期1444-1454,共11页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部科技攻关项目(2011BAD35B02-01);科技部科技支撑项目(2011BAD16B11)

摘　　要：为了解黑龙江省稻瘟病生理小种组成,明确主栽品种对稻瘟病的抗性情况,本研究利用7个中国鉴别品种对2012年采自黑龙江省齐齐哈尔、佳木斯、哈尔滨、绥化等4个地区的130个稻瘟病菌株进行鉴定,并对36份黑龙江省主栽水稻品种抗瘟性进行了鉴定和评价,同时利用73个SSR标记分析了36份黑龙江省主栽水稻品种遗传多样性。结果共鉴定出7个群38个生理小种,优势小种为ZD5（21.54%）、ZD7（9.23%）、ZA53（8.46%）、ZA61（6.92%）、ZA55（6.15%）和ZA21（5.38%）,总频率为59.23%;黑龙江省36份主栽品种中,稻花香、龙粳21、龙粳31、牡丹江30、绥粳8、绥粳13、松粳9、松粳15、五优稻一号、东农415等10个品种,目前在黑龙江省稻瘟病抗性方面具有很好的应用前景,并通过联合致病性系数（VAC）和联合抗病性系数（RAC）分析得出,稻花香＋龙粳21、龙粳31＋牡丹江30等22个搭配种植在生产上具有良好的防病效果;基于抗谱的聚类分析,可将36份主栽品种分成4个类群,其中第2类群抗谱最广（70.00%-93.33%）;基于SSR标记聚类分析与群体遗传结构均将供试材料划分为6个类群。本研究为主栽品种的改良、合理布局以及亲本选配提供了依据。To understand the physiological races of rice blast in Heilongjiang Province and resistant to rice blast of rice cultivars,130 isolates collected from four regions including Qiqihar,Jiamusi,Harbin and Suihua in Heilongjiang Province in 2012,were tested for their pathogenicity against seven Chinese differential cultivars. The blast resistance of36 major cultivars in Heilongjiang province was evaluated,and their genetic diversity was analyzed using 73 SSR markers. As a result,38 physiological races（ pathotypes） in 7 groups were identified and the predominant races were ZD5（ 21. 54%）,ZD7（ 9. 23%）,ZA53（ 8. 46%）,ZA61（ 6. 92%）,ZA55（ 6. 15%） and ZA21（ 5. 38%）,which account for 59. 23% of all the tested isolates. 10 varieties among 36 main cultivars in Heilongjiang province including daohuaxiang, longjing21, longjing31, mudanjiang30, suijing8, suijing13, songjing9, songjing15, wuyoudao1,dongnong415,are promising for application in Heilongjiang province due to their good blast resistance. The analysis of virulence association coefficients（ VAC） and resistance association coefficients（ RAC） suggested that 22 pairs of combinations,such as the combination of daohuaxiang and longjing21,longjing31 and mudanjiang30,showed good disease resistance. Based on the cluster analysis of resistant spectrum,the 36 major cultivars can be divided into four groups,and the second groups had the broadest resistant spectrum（ 70. 00% - 93. 33%）. While,based on the cluster analysis of SSR marker and genetic structure of population,the tested materials were consistently divided into six groups.This study provided a theoretical basis for improvement of plant varieties,rational distribution and parent matching. for breeders.

关 键 词：稻瘟病 生理小种 联合致病性 遗传多样性 群体结构 

分 类 号：S435.111.41[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]