长春密刺黄瓜突变体库的构建和部分性状分析  

Construction of Changchun Mici Mutant Library and Analysis of Some Mutants

作　　者：王晶[1] 娄群峰[1] 魏庆镇 李子昂[1] 付文苑 陈劲枫[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,南京江苏210095

出　　处：《核农学报》2015年第8期1479-1486,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"863"专项经费(2012AA100102);国家"973"项目(2012CB113900);国家自然科学基金项目(31272174);十二五国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD01B04-10)

摘　　要：为了拓宽黄瓜的遗传基础,促进黄瓜功能基因组学研究的发展,构建黄瓜突变体库,利用不同处理时间和浓度梯度的EMS溶液诱变黄瓜自交系长春密刺的吸胀种子,建立适合黄瓜突变体库构建的诱变体系。长春密刺种子诱变处理获得M1群体,经过连续自交产生M2和M3,对获得的相关突变体进行显微结构、色素含量、遗传特性等特征的分析和测定。结果发现,适合于黄瓜突变体库构建的EMS诱变方法为1%处理10 h或1.5%处理8 h。经表型鉴定,获得了株型、叶片、花器官以及果实性状突变体,突变率为11.17%。通过扫描电镜分析,发现植株矮化突变体和花瓣叶片化突变体的表皮细胞结构与对照存在明显差别;对幼叶黄化突变体的色素分析表明,叶绿素及类胡萝卜素同时减少导致该突变体的叶色黄化。通过构建和分析F2分离群体,发现幼叶黄化突变体和果皮白绿突变体均为单隐性基因控制的质量性状突变所致。本试验用EMS最佳诱变剂量处理长春密刺吸胀种子,可以有效地构建黄瓜突变体库,这些稳定遗传的突变体为黄瓜的功能基因组学研究和品种改良提供了可用材料。In order to broaden the genetic base of cucumber and accelerate the development of functional genomic research,the method of cucumber mutant library construction was studied through the EMS treatment.. In this study,seeds of a cucumber cultivar Changchun mici were treated by ethyl methanesulphonate（ EMS） solution with different time and concentration to construct the technique for creation of cucumber mutant library. 800 seeds of Changchun mici were treated to obtain M1 population. M2 and M3population were produced through sequential selfing. The analysis about microstructrue,the content of leaf pigment,and inheritance of some mutants was carried out. The results showed that the treatments 1% EMS for 10 h or 1. 5% EMS for 8 h was found to be the appropriate treatment condition. Based on phenotypic evaluation of M2 and M3population,mutants were screened,including mutations of plant type,leaf,flower and fruit. The mutation frequency was about 11. 17%. The analysis of epidermic cells of dwarf mutant and petal mutant using scanning electron microscope revealed the significant difference between mutants and normal plants. The decrease of chloroplyll and carotenoid pigment had a direct correlation with the phenotype of a virescent yellow mutant. The F2 population from the cross of mutants and normal plants were constructed and used for genetic analysis of mutant traits.Results showed that phenotype of virescent yellow mutant and white-and-green fruit were controlled by a single recessive gene,respectively. This study gave an efficient technique for the construction of cucumber mutant library,and these stable mutants will be valuable resources to functional genomic research and cucumber cultivar improvement.

关 键 词：黄瓜 长春密刺 甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS) 诱变 突变体 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]