紫外诱变选育木霉高效解磷菌株  

Screening of High- efficiency Phosphate- solubilizing Trichoderma sp.Strains Using Ultraviolet Mutagenesis

作　　者：薛应钰[1] 叶巍[1] 张树武[1] 徐秉良[1] 杨百昶 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《核农学报》2015年第8期1509-1516,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省高校基本科研业务费(甘财教[2012]129号);甘肃省教育厅高校科研项目(2013A-061);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(145RJZA095);甘肃农业大学科技创新基金资助项目(GAU-CX1014)

摘　　要：为获得高效解磷木霉突变株,以木霉菌株T2为出发菌株进行紫外诱变处理,对紫外诱变条件进行优化,考察突变株的解磷量、植酸酶活性、生长速率、产孢量、遗传稳定性和拮抗能力。结果表明,最佳诱变条件为照射强度20 W,照射时间40 min,照射距离30 cm;在此条件下得到一株具备高效解磷能力的突变株T2-8。该菌株15d的解磷量和植酸酶活性分别达到193.36μg·m L-1和784.35 nmol·L-1,较出发菌株(90.01μg·m L-1和335.22 nmol·L-1)分别提高了114.82%和133.98%,9 d的生长速率和产孢量分别为35.42 mm·d-1和8.25×109CFU·m L-1,高于出发菌株,多次传代试验证明,T2-8解磷能力稳定,对尖孢镰刀菌和立枯丝核菌的拮抗能力与出发菌株无显著差异。说明紫外光诱变方法是木霉高效解磷菌株选育过程中一种有价值的菌株改良技术,获得的突变菌株为进一步开发多功能微生物肥料提供了优良材料。In order to obtain highly efficient dissolve phosphorus Trichoderma strain,a dissolve phosphorus Trichoderma strain T2 was irradiated by ultraviolet. The ultraviolet mutagenesis parameters were optimized,and the amount of soluble phosphate,phytase activity,growth rate,sporulation quantity,genetic stability and antagonism capability of the mutant were investigated. The results showed that one mutant named ‘T2- 8 ＇ was obtained under the conditions of UV radiation intensity about 20 W,irradiation distance about 30 cm and irradiation time about 60 s. The amount of soluble phosphate and phytase activity was 193. 36μg·m L^-1and 784. 35 nmol·L^-1,which is 114. 82% and 133. 98% higher than those of initial strains（ 90. 01μg·m L^-1and 335. 22 nmol·L^-1）,respectively. The growth rate and sporulation quantity of mutant was 35. 42mm·d^-1and 8. 25 × 10^9CFU·L^-1,which is higher than those of initial strains. In several passages,the antagonism capability of mutant ‘T2＇strain with steady phosphorus solubilizing capabilit against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani is with no significant differences. It proved that UV mutagenesis is a worthwhile method for breeding of highly efficient dissolve phosphorus Trichoderma strain and the mutant strain will provide with good material for further development of multifunctional microbial fertilizer.

关 键 词：木霉 紫外光 诱变育种 解磷量 

分 类 号：Q937[生物学—微生物学]