植物生长调节剂对小麦幼胚茎尖丛生芽诱导的影响  

Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Induction of Multiple Shoots From Stem Apex of Immature Embryo in Wheat

作　　者：张月琴[1] 陈耀锋[1] 王晶晶[1] 李春莲[1] 陈阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《核农学报》2015年第9期1641-1648,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家转基因生物新品种培育项目(2013ZX08002-003);陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2015KTCL02-24);陕西省科技攻关项目(2011K02-01)

摘　　要：为解决遗传转化中离体芽直接转化成苗时出现的嵌合体现象,以5个普通小麦品种(系)的幼胚为材料,研究了植物生长调节剂对小麦幼胚茎尖丛生芽诱导的影响。结果表明,添加TDZ(噻二唑苯基脲)对小麦的幼胚萌发率有一定影响:在设计的浓度梯度范围内,随着TDZ浓度的增加,西农183的幼胚萌发率逐渐增加,而千斤早、小偃22、扬麦12及扬麦18的幼胚萌发率均呈先增加后降低的趋势。在浓度4mg·L-1时幼胚萌发率达到最大,且千斤早的最高幼胚萌发率可达92.2%,同时,添加TDZ诱导萌发有利于丛生芽的形成。不同激素种类、浓度及复配诱导对小麦幼胚茎尖丛生芽的分化有重要影响。5种诱导处理在最佳浓度及复配组合的前提下,3mg·L-1TDZ与0.5mg·L-1IBA(吲哚丁酸)复配诱导效果最好,3mg·L-1TDZ与1mg·L-16-BA(6-苄基脲嘌呤)复配次之,3mg·L-1TDZ单独诱导偏差,1mg·L-16-BA较差,2mg·L-14-PU(N-苯基-N'-4-脲)最差。因此,小麦幼胚茎尖丛生芽形成的最优激素处理为4 mg·L-1TDZ诱导萌发,3 mg·L-1TDZ与0.5 mg·L-1IBA复配诱导不定芽和丛生芽的形成和发育。在5个供试材料的幼胚茎尖丛生芽分化效果中,扬麦18诱导率最高、扬麦12次之、千斤早偏低、西农183较低、小偃22最低。研究结果为建立高效的小麦幼胚茎尖丛生芽诱导体系及转基因育种选择优良的转化受体提供参考。In order to solve the phenomenon of chimera in vitro shoots translating directly into seeding,wheat immature embryo of five common varieties were used as the experimental material to study the effect of plant growth regulators on formation of multiple shoots from stem apex of immature embryo in wheat. The results showed that,addition of different concentration of TDZ impacted on germination rate of immature embryo in wheat： with the concentration of TDZ increased within the scope of the design gradient,the germination rate of Xinong183 was increased,while Qianjinzao,Xiaoyan22,Yangmai12 and Yangmai18 were first increased and then decreased. When the concentration of TDZ was4mg·L^- 1,the germination rate of Qianjinzao was the best with 92. 2%. Added TDZ to germinate was to the benefit of inducting multiple shoots. Different hormone specie,concentration and combination had a significant impact on the differentiation of multiple shoots in the program of induction. Under the premise of the best hormone concentration and combination,the regeneration rate of multiple shoots induct with 3mg·L^- 1TDZ and 0. 5mg·L^- 1IBA was the highest,3mg·L^- 1TDZ and 1mg·L^- 16- BA combined was better,then followed by 3mg·L^- 1TDZ,1mg·L^- 16- BA and 2mg·L^- 14- PU. The best method of formation on the multiple shoots from immature embryo in wheat was 4mg·L^- 1TDZ to germinate,3mg·L^- 1TDZ and 0. 5mg·L^- 1IBA to induct. Differentiation efficiency of the five wheat materials was different,Yangmai18 was the highest,then followed by Yangmai12,Qianjinzao,Xinong183 and Xiaoyan22. This result could provide some references to set up efficient induction system of multiple shoots from immature embryo in wheat and select better receptor of genetic transformation.

关 键 词：小麦 幼胚 幼胚萌发率 茎尖丛生芽诱导率 不定芽 诱导 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S482.8