蘑菇菌糠复配生物基质对番茄营养生长及光合作用的影响  

Effects of Spent Mushroom Compound Substrate on Growth and Photosynthesis of Tomato Seedlings

作　　者：毛碧增[1] 贺满桥 陈丽闽[1] 陈再鸣[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物技术研究所,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江大学蔬菜研究所,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《核农学报》2015年第9期1821-1827,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：东南沿海地区大学农业科技服务关键技术集成与示范(2013BAD20B02);浙江省科技厅公益性技术应用研究项目(2011C22027)

摘　　要：为有效地利用菌糠,实现自然资源的可循环利用,以蘑菇菌糠、草炭和珍珠岩为材料,按照不同比例复配,通过基质理化性质、幼苗生长等指标,分析了各复配基质在番茄栽培中的应用效果。结果表明,蘑菇菌糠经过2次淋洗,可以显著降低EC值。24 d和34 d时,T6复配基质上番茄株高显著(P<0.05)高于对照(CK)和其他处理,复配基质对茎粗的影响与株高类似,移栽于T5、T9、T10和CK上的番茄茎粗均显著(P<0.05)高于其他处理,而T5、T9、T10与CK之间无显著差异。T5、T6、T9和T10复配基质番茄植株的净光合速率(Pn)显著(P<0.05)高于其他处理,T5、T6和T9番茄干物质根冠比显著高于其他处理,完全可以满足番茄壮苗的培育。本研究表明在番茄生产中蘑菇菌糠可以代替一定比例的草炭,为菌糠多样化开发设施园艺基质,且有效降低基质的生产成本提供了一定的技术依据。In order to effective utilize spent mushroom substrate （ SMS）, component of compound substrate （CS） were optimized by spent mushroom substrate （Agaricus bisporus, SMS-AB） , perlite and peat in different proportions, and application effects of CSs on tomato seedling growth were investigated. The results showed that it was the effectively way to reduce the EC value by leaching SMA-AB two times. Growing up to 24 days and 34 days, on T6 （50% leached SMS- AS with 50% perlite, v/v） , the plants height were significantly （P 〈 0.05） higher than that of the CK and other treatments, similar results in stem diameter, the plant growing on Ts （leached SMS-AB to perlite 2： 1, v/v） , T9 （50% leached SMS-AB with 25% perlite and 25% peat, v/v）, Tto（leached SMS-AB： perlite： peat 1： 1： 1, v/v ） and CK, the stems diameter were significantly thicker （P 〈 0.05） than that of other treatments, but no significant difference between T5 ,T9 ,T10 and CK. Growing on T5,T6 ,T9 and T10, the net photosynthetic rates were significantly increased compared with that in the other CSs. Root to shoot on dry matter ratio, growing on T5 ,T6 and T9, were significantly higher than that in the others. Regarding the most suitable SMS-based substrates for tomato seedling production, SMS can be used in mixtures with perlite replacing part of the peat. Therefore, the study provide some technical basis and practical operation on rational utilization of SMS to produce horticultural substrate and effectively reduce the substrate production cost.

关 键 词：蘑菇菌糠 复配基质 草炭 番茄 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]