北京市PM_(2.5)质量浓度特征及组分化学质量闭合研究  

Study on Beijing PM_(2.5) Mass Concentration Characteristics and Aerosol Chemical Mass Closure

作　　者：李泓[1,2] 李广 刘茜 白志鹏[1] 杨文[1] 韩斌[1] 王飞[1] 王婉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]北京市朝阳区环境保护局,北京100125

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2015年第4期35-43,共9页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(201309010);北京市科技计划课题(Z141100002714002);环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室自由探索基金项目(2014-GOT-042-N-11)

摘　　要：2013年7—9月分2次在北京市朝阳区的4个采样点(来广营、垡头、奥体和建外)进行PM2.5手工采样,共获得164个有效滤膜样品。以石英滤膜为例,这4个采样点的均值分别为85、94、81、86μg/m3。数据显示PM2.5质量浓度呈"南高北低"的特点。化学质量闭合研究表明:碳质组分(OM+EC)和二次无机离子是PM2.5的主要组成;碳质组分对夏季PM2.5的质量浓度贡献比较稳定,2次采样对PM2.5的贡献均在1/3左右,与采样时间和地点无关;二次无机离子的贡献则与采样时间有关,对PM2.5的贡献在第一和第二次采样时间分别约为30%和20%。4个采样点中,最南端的垡头PM2.5质量浓度最高,有机颗粒物、SO2-4、NO-3和NH+4的质量浓度平均值最高,分别为26、18.2、10.5、5.9μg/m3。Field campaigns on PM2.5 sampling were conducted at four sites （Laiguangying, Fatou, Olympic park and Jianwai） at Chaoyang District,Beijing,from which totally 164 valid PM2.sfilter samples were obtained in 2013 summer. The characteristics of ＂South-high VS North-low＂ for PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing was clearly presented, with mean concentrations of 85,94,81,86 μg/m3 at Laiguangying,Fatou, Olympic park and Jianwai sites,respectively （based on the data from quartz filters）. The aerosol chemical mass closure was examined,and the results shown that the mass contributions of carbonaceous component （ OM ＋ EC） at four sites were constant, accounted for one third. While, the mass contributions of total secondary ions were related to the sampling periods, with 30% contributions in the first sampling at Laiguangying and Fatou sites and 20% in the second sampling at Olympic park and Jianwai sites. Compared with the other three sampling sites,Fatou site is located in the south part,where air pollution was the most serious,with the highest average concentrations of 26,18.2,10. 5, 5.9 μg/m3 for organic matter, sulfate, nitrate and ammonium, respectively.

关 键 词：手工采样 PM2.5质量浓度 化学质量闭合研究 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]