不同坡向与种植层数组合对仿野生栽培红天麻的影响  

Effects of Different Planting Direction and Layer Combination on Gastrodia elata f. elata in Bionic Wild Cultivation

作　　者：刘威[1] 赵致[1,2] 王华磊[1,2] 罗夫来[1,2] 李金玲[1,2] 刘红昌[1,2] 罗春丽[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省药用植物繁育与种植重点(工程)实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中药材》2015年第5期883-888,共6页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAI13B04-03);贵州省药用植物繁育与种植人才基地(黔人领发[2013]15号)

摘　　要：目的:筛选出最适合仿野生栽培天麻的坡向与种植层数组合。方法:试验采用随机区组设计仿野生栽培红天麻Gastrodia elata Bl.f.elata,探讨不同坡向与种植层数组合下天麻生长动态和产量的变化,以及栽培天麻经济效益的分析,坡向设南坡、北坡两个水平,种植层数设1层、2层、3层三个水平。结果:不同坡向对单个新生麻长宽厚及鲜重生长效应依次为南坡>北坡,3个种植层数对单个新生麻长宽厚及鲜重生长效应依次为3层>2层>1层。坡向和种植层数存在互作效应,6个处理中南坡-3层处理各时期单个新生麻长宽厚及鲜重最高,采收期新生麻数最多,总产量极显著高于其他处理,且经济效益最好。结论:南坡-3层为仿野生栽培红天麻的最佳组合,是既能充分利用适栽区资源又能提高产量的一种行之有效的栽培模式。Objective ： Combination of different planting direction and layer were set to choose the best technology of cultivation of Gastrodia elata f. data. Methods ： To improve the yield and quality of Gastrodia elata f. elata, randomized block design experiments were carried out to investigate the yield and quality, and to analyze their economic effectiveness in bionic wild cultivation. Results：Length, width, thickness and weight of southern direction＇s Gastrodia elata f. elata developed better than the northeast direction. The three plant- ing layer levels on growth effect of Gastrodia elata f. elata was the 3rd layer 〉 the 2nd layer 〉 the 1 st layer. In six treatments, combina- tion of southern direction-the 3rd layer was the best technology of cultivation of Gastrodia elata f. elata, which had the best growth condi- tion, the highest yield significantly higher than other treatments, and the best economic benefits. Conclusion ： Southern direction associat- ed with the 3rd layer is the best combination to planting Gastrodia elata f. elata in bionic wild cultivation. The planting ways not only improve the yield and quality, but also save land.

关 键 词：天麻 坡向 种植层数 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]