离子液体调控的CO_2电化学催化转化研究进展  

Progress in electrochemical catalytic conversion of CO_2 modulated by ionic liquids

作　　者：周锋[1,2] 刘士民[1] A.S.Alshammari 邓友全[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所,固体润滑国家重点实验室,绿色化学与催化中心,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]National Nanotechnology Research Center,King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology

出　　处：《科学通报》2015年第26期2466-2475,共10页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21173240)资助

摘　　要：与常规的分子溶剂相比,离子液体具有良好的导电性、强的静电场、独特的微环境等特性,尤其是离子液体内部存在多重弱相互作用,同时对CO2有较高的溶解性和活化作用,使其在CO2的电化学催化还原研究中受到越来越广泛的关注.本文介绍了近年来关于离子液体调控CO2电化学催化转化制备CO、甲烷等化合物的研究进展.离子液体的介入,不仅可以明显降低CO2还原的过电位,还能提高CO2还原时的电流密度,特别是离子液体介质与固体、纳米或分子催化剂之间所产生的协同作用,提高了CO2催化转化的选择性.离子液体中电化学催化转化CO2是实现CO2大规模利用的可行路线.该研究的深入进行,对于加深对CO2的活化和离子液体本身以及离子液体+催化剂体系的认识具有重要科学和实际意义.Electro-catalytic reduction of carbon dioxide （CO2） has attracted significant interests because it involves recycling of carbon dioxide to gaseous and liquid fuels to meet the steadily increasing demand for energy. Direct electrochemical reduction of CO2 on most electrode surfaces requires large overvoltage which consequently reduces the conversion efficiency. Therefore, to succeed in CO2 reduction and conversion with remarkable efficiency and selectivity, development of highly efficient catalytic system is desirable to decrease the overpotential required for CO2 reduction and to control the energy pathways of the reaction. Compare to the common molecular solvents, ionic liquids （ILs） as the green functional media have attracted more attention for the electrochemical catalytic conversion of CO2 because of their unique physico-chemical properties, such as good conductivity, strong electrostatic field, peculiar micro-environment, multi-weak interaction presence, and high solubility to CO2. ILs as co-catalyst and reaction medium decrease the potential for the formation of the carbon dioxide radical anions intermediate. The advances of CO2 electrochemical conversion modulated by ILs to CO, CH4 and other products were introduced. It was found that the introduction of ILs not only could significantly decrease the overpotential of CO2 reduction, but also could increase the reductive current density, in particular, the synergistic effect between IL media and solid, nano, molecular catalysts greatly enhanced the selectivity of converted products. It was believed that the electrochemical catalytic process, especially using ILs as reaction medium, was a feasible route to utilize CO2 in large-scale. Therefore, the study based on IL catalysis and CO2 conversion was an important research direction with considerably scientific significance and practical applications, which provides new ideas for the activation of CO2, realization of ILs as well as the catalytic system comprising ILs and catalysts. Some problems presente

关 键 词：绿色溶剂 离子液体 电化学 催化 二氧化碳 转化 

分 类 号：O643.32[理学—物理化学]