离子液体添加剂对无氰电镀黄铜性能的影响  

The effect of ionic liquid additives on the electroplating brass from non-cyanide bath

作　　者：王倩[1] 杜文朝[1] 李腊梅 吕兴梅[1] 张锁江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院过程工程研究所,多相复杂系统国家重点实验室,中国科学院绿色过程与工程重点实验室,离子液体清洁过程北京市重点实验室,北京100190 [2]航天资源循环科技有限公司,北京100176

出　　处：《科学通报》2015年第26期2553-2560,共8页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51404230,51304183);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB632606);四川省科技计划(13ZC2585);国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项(2011YQ12003907)资助

摘　　要：钢帘线电镀黄铜常采用先镀铜再镀锌后加热的热扩散法和氰化法.热扩散法能耗较大,而氰化法使用剧毒的氰化物,污染严重.针对此类问题,本文在优化后的一步无氰电镀黄铜镀液中加入离子液体添加剂来进一步改善镀层的性能.采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）和X射线衍射（XRD）分析了镀层的厚度、成分、形貌和组织结构.采用循环伏安法研究了离子液添加剂在电镀黄铜过程中的作用机理.结果表明,在组分为K4P2O7·3H2O 200~270 g/L,Cu SO4·5H2O 1~2 g/L,Zn SO4·7H2O 35~45 g/L,H2O2（30%）0.1~0.6 m L/L的镀液中加入10~15 mg/L离子液体（1-己基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐（[OMIM]HSO4））可以制备出与基体结合力牢固,延展性好,均匀、连续、致密的黄铜镀层,所得镀层质量得到了显著提高.There are two methods to electroplate of brass for steel cords. One is thermal diffusion method which consists of copper plating, zinc plating and thermal diffusion. The other one is cyanidation which needs to use cyanides as complexing agents. The former is a process of high energy consumption, and the latter involves cyanides which is hypertoxic. Aiming at these problems, ionic liquids, used as additives, were added into the non-cyanide electroplating baths to improve the performances of the brass coatings. The morphology, thickness, composition and structure of the obtained brass coatings were analyzed by SEM, EDS and XRD. The effect of the ionic liquid on the electroplating process was studied by cyclic voltammetry. The results showed that the ionic liquid, [OMIM]HSO4, was an effective additive. When 10-15 mg/L of [OMIM]HSO4 was added into the bath which was composed of KnP2O7·3H2O 200-270 g/L, CuSO4·5H2O 1-2 g/L, ZnSO4-7H20 35-45 g/L and H2O2（30%） 0.1--0.6 mL/L, brass coatings which were uniform, compact, good adhesive and malleable were prepared.

关 键 词：离子液体 黄铜镀层 钢帘线 添加剂 循环伏安 

分 类 号：TQ153.14[化学工程—电化学工业]