花铃期不同滴灌水平对海岛棉产量形成的影响  

Effects of drip levels on yield of island cotton at flowering and boll forming stages

作　　者：闫曼曼[1] 张巨松[1] 郑剑超[1] 田立文[2] 郭仁松[2] 林涛[2] 武辉[1] 茹克娅木.谢勒普哈尔 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学/教育部棉花工程研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2015年第5期163-168,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目"棉花高产高效关键技术研究与示范"课题(2014BAD11B02);新疆自治区成果转化项目"优良棉花品种及配套技术集成示范"(201354103);科技部富民强县项目"优质棉花高效生产技术集成示范及产业化开发";国家棉花产业技术体系长绒棉育种科学家岗位(CARS-18-07)

摘　　要：选用新海24号和新海36号为试验材料,研究花铃期3 900、3 150、2 400 m3·hm-2等不同滴灌水平对海岛棉产量形成的影响。结果表明:叶面积指数(LAI)、净光合速率(Pn)、叶绿素SPAD值、干物质积累表现为3900 m3·hm-2处理较高,3 150 m3·hm-2次之,2 400 m3·hm-2较低;棉铃脱落率呈相反趋势,即2 400 m3·hm-2滴灌处理>3 150 m3·hm-2滴灌处理>3 900 m3·hm-2滴灌处理;滴灌水平3 900 m3·hm-2处理的皮棉产量为2228.49 kg·hm-2,比3 150、2 400 m3·hm-2处理分别高36.68%、49.38%。品种对各滴灌水平响应不同,不同滴灌处理下的LAI、干物质积累和棉铃脱落率为新海24号<新海36号,而新海24号的Pn、SPAD值、皮棉产量高于新海36号。因此,花铃期滴灌水平3 900 m3·hm-2条件下有利于实现海岛棉高产。This research employed Xinhai24 and Xinhai36 as the materials to study the effects on yield of island cotton at flowering and boll forming stages under different drip levels. The results showed that the LAI,leaf Pn,SPAD value,and dry matter accumulation were highest with drip level of 3 900 m3·hm- 2,followed by that of3 150 m3·hm- 2,and then that of 2 400 m3·hm- 2. However,cotton boll shedding rate assumed the opposite trend. Lint yield with drip level of 3 900 m3·hm- 2was 2 228. 49 kg·hm- 2,36. 68% and 49. 38% higher than those of 3 150 m3·hm- 2and 2 400 m3·hm- 2,respectively. In addition,the responses to different drip levels varied from varieties. For LAI,dry matter accumulation and cotton boll shedding rate of Xinhai24 were smaller than those of Xinhai36,but leaf Pn,SPAD value,and lint yield were higher than those of Xinhai36. Therefore,combined with the corresponding irrigation system,and also based on the difference in responses from varieties to different drip levels,a drip level at 3 900 m3·hm- 2would be beneficial to achieve high yield.

关 键 词：花铃期 滴灌水平 海岛棉 产量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]