灌溉和施肥方式对红麻生长和产量的影响  

Effects of irrigation and fertilization methods on growth and yield of kenaf

作　　者：王道波[1,2] 李伏生[1] 宋岩[3] 周瑞阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004 [2]钦州学院资源与环境学院,广西钦州535099 [3]北京航空航天大学北海学院,广西北海536001

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2015年第5期181-185,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家863计划(2011AA100504);广西自然科学基金(2013GXNSFBA019090);广西高校科技项目(2013LX237;LX2014678)

摘　　要：本研究旨在通过大田小区试验,研究灌溉和施肥方式对红麻生长和产量的影响,为确定红麻合理的灌溉和施肥方式提供依据。试验选择福红992(常规栽培种)和红优2号(杂交种)2种红麻品种,沟灌和滴灌2种灌溉方式,3种施肥方式:1 T1,60%N和K肥作基肥,余下40%N和K肥用作追肥;2 T2,40%N和K肥作基肥,余下60%N和K肥用作追肥;3 T3,20%N和K肥作基肥,其余作为追肥。结果表明:1沟灌时,福红992的产量明显高于红优2号,且60%NK肥作追肥时产量最高。2与沟灌相比,滴灌明显改善了株高等农艺性状,显著提高了红优2号的生麻产量;但灌溉方式对福红992的产量影响不显著。结论为在滴灌施肥状态下,60%NK肥作追肥时,红麻杂交种"红优2号"的生麻产量和地上部干质量均最高。Effects of irrigation and fertilization management on growth and yield using a field experiment were stud- ied to investigate the characteristics of water and fertilizer uses, to provide rational irrigation and fertilization for high yield and high efficient cultivation of kenaf. Fuhong 992 （conventional cuhivar） and Houyou 2 （hybrid） were selected as the experimental materials. Two kinds of irrigation were as drip irrigation and furrow irrigation, respectively. Three kinds of fertilization methods including T1 （60%N and K fertilizer as base fertilizer, 40%N and K fertilizer as top dressing）, T2（40%N and K fertilizer as base fertilizer, 60%N and K fertilizer as top dressing）, and T3（20%N and K fertilizer as base fertilizer, 80% N and K fertilizer as top dressing）. The results showed that with furrow irrigation, yield of Fuhong 992 was better than Hongyou 2, and 60% NK fertilization as top dressing could get the highest yield. In addition, com- pared with furrow irrigation, drip irrigation could improve the agronomic traits such as plant height, and improve dry bark weight of Hongyou 2. However, the effect of irrigation method on yield of Fuhong 992 was not significant. Therefore, the best strategy of irrigation and fertilization methods would be using drip fertilization with 60% NK fertilizer as top dress- ing. With this approach, dry bark weight and shoot dry weight of Hongyou 2 could reach the highest.

关 键 词：红麻 灌溉方式 施肥方式 生麻产量 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S563.5[农业科学—作物学]