基于水分亏缺指数的陕西冬小麦干旱特征分析  

Analysis on drought characteristics of winter wheat in Shaanxi Province based on crop water deficit index

作　　者：王连喜[1,2] 胡海玲[1,2] 李琪[1,2] 孔坚文[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2015年第5期237-244,共8页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划“全球变化环境下作物产量的影响与适应监测评估技术”(2012BAH29B03)

摘　　要：以陕西1961—2010近50 a 22个站点的逐日气象数据为基础资料,计算其冬小麦生育期各旬需水量(ETi)以及作物缺水指数(CWDI),并根据农业干旱等级计算出研究区干旱频率,分析陕西冬小麦各生育期内干旱指数时空分布特征。结果表明:陕西冬小麦各生育期干旱频率为拔节抽穗期>灌浆成熟期>返青期>冬前生长期>越冬期;冬小麦重旱以上频率的空间分布由北向南逐渐减少;冬小麦干旱指数的年代际变化呈上升趋势,20世纪70年代和90年代干旱指数较高,1968年为突变年份。Based on the observation data collected from 22 weather stations during 1961--2010, the winter wheat water requirement （ETi） was measured, the crop water deficit index （CWDI） of different classes of drought was deter- mined, the frequencies of different classes of drought in Shaanxi were calculated, and the temporal and spatial distribu- tion characteristics of winter wheat water deficit at different growth stages in Shaanxi area were studied. The results indi- cated that drought occurred frequently during the growth period of winter wheat in Shaanxi area. The occurrence frequen- cies of drought during wheat growth followed the following order： jointing-booting stage 〉 filling maturation stage 〉 turning green stage 〉 seeding before winter 〉 growing in winter. The occurrence frequency of severe or worse drought at various growth stages of winter wheat showed a decreasing trend from north to south. For inter-decade change characteristics, drought index fluctuation turned an increasing trend, reaching high in 1970s and 1990s and becoming mutated in 1968.

关 键 词：水分亏缺指数 干旱频率 冬小麦 时空特征 陕西省 

分 类 号：S423[农业科学—植物保护]