ICU患者医院感染相关因素分析与对策  

Related factors for nosocomial infections in ICU patients and nursing countermeasures

作　　者：肖玲[1] 刘丽秀[2] 李茁[1] 王晓凤[3] 张涛[1] 伏鑫[4] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学中日联谊医院新民院区普外科,吉林长春130033 [2]吉林大学中日联谊医院新民院区体检中心,吉林长春130033 [3]吉林大学中日联谊医院新民院区甲状腺外科,吉林长春130033 [4]吉林大学中日联谊医院新民院区护理部,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第18期4189-4190,共2页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划基金资助项目(20100725)

摘　　要：目的探讨重症监护病房(ICU)患者发生医院感染的相关因素,并制定相应的护理措施。方法随机选取2013年10月-2014年12月ICU患者170例作为研究对象,将其按年龄进行分组,≥60岁为试验组共58例,<60岁为对照组共112例;对医院感染患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,比较不同年龄患者医院感染率;采用SPSS18.0统计软件对数据进行统计分析。结果 170例患者发生医院感染37例,感染率为21.8%;其中术后肺部感染11例占29.7%,侵入性操作治相关性感染17例占46.0%,切口感染9例占24.3%;年龄≥60岁患者肺部感染、静脉置管、泌尿道置管、胃肠减压鼻饲管、切口感染率均较<60岁患者高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论提高预防医院感染水平,对易感人群加强基础护理,严格按照规范进行侵入性操作,避免医院感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To explore the related factors for nosocomial infections in the patients of the intensive care unit（ICU）and put forward corresponding nursing measures.METHODS A total of 170 patients who were treated in the ICU from Oct 2013 to Dec 2014 were randomly recruited as the study objects and grouped according to the age,58 patients aged no less than 60 years old were assigned as the experimental group,and 112 patients aged less than 60 years old were set as the control group.The clinical data of the patients with nosocomial infections were retrospectively analyzed,the incidence of nosocomial infections was compared between the two age groups of patients,and the statistical analysis of data was performed with the use of SPSS18.0software.RESULTS The nosocomial infections occurred in 37 of 170patients with the infection rate of 21.8%,of whom 29.7%（11cases）had postoperative pulmonary infections,46.0%（17cases）had invasive operation-related infections,and 24.3%（9cases）had incision infections.The incidence rates of pulmonary infections,venous catheter-related infections,urinary tract catheter-related infections,gastrointestinal compression nasal feeding tube-related infections,and incision infections were higher in the patients aged no less than 60 years old than in the patients aged less than 60 years old,and the difference was significant（P〈0.01）.CONCLUSIONIt is necessary to improve the level of prevention of nosocomial infections,strengthen the basic nursing for the vulnerable groups,and carry out the invasive operations according to the specifications so as to prevent the nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：重症监护病房 医院感染 相关因素 对策 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]